Annual Survey of Industries - 1992 - Sri Lanka

Abstract
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The Department of Census and Statistics continues to conduct the Annual Survey of Industries which commenced in 1984, replacing the Annual Survey of Manufacturing Industries and covers all activities categorized under the three industrial divisions, namely : Mining & Quarrying, Manufacturing and Distribution of Electricity, Gas and Water.

This survey helps to derive estimates for important industrial indicators in respect of all the industrial establishments that have been included in the register of industrial establishments for the year 1992.

Information had to be adjusted for non-responding establishments and the sample data inflated.

The Objectives of the Annual Survey of Industries are:

1. To provide indicators of the performance and the structure of the industrial sector.
2. To update the list of industrial establishments already available.

Geographic coverage
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National coverage

Analysis unit
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Industrial establishments

Statistical unit of ASI is the establishment which is defined as a unit engaged in the single or related activities of Mining and Quarrying, Manufacturing and Generation and Distribution of Electricity, Gas and Water in one location under a single ownership or control. However, industrial enterprises which are engaged in production of more than one related activity in one location or one activity in several locations were treated as one unit of enumeration whenever no separate records
are available. Any way in the analysis, the ideal definition of the establishment was followed. The information collected of enterprise level was disaggregated into establishment level using the proportion of output. Ancillary units such as warehouses, garages, etc were treated as part of the main establishments.

Universe
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All industrial establishments where five or more persons are engaged.

Kind of data
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Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure
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Sampling Procedure

ASI is predominantly a postal survey . But Statistical Officers are send to the non responding establishments to get the questionnaires completed.

All industrial establishments with 5 or more persons engaged is the target population of ASI. The list of industries with 5 or more persons as in the Census of Industry - 1983 was the frame ( sample population ) of ASI.

The whole frame was divided into two sectors as establishments with 25 or more persons engaged and establishments with 5-24 persons engaged. All establishments in the 25 or more sector ( census part ) and probability sample of 5 to 24 sector (survey part ) were canvassed. The census part of the frame updated from time to time and the survey part remained unchanged.

The survey part was further stratified according to the geographical locations, industrial activity and size. Geographical strata were 24 administrative districts. Industrial activities were defined as the industry group levels (4 digit level of ISIC]. The persons engaged size classes which were defined as 5-9, 10-14 and 15-24 persons engaged, were used as the size strata.

There were approximately 2500 establishments in the census part and approximately another 2500 were selected for the sample out of about 12000 industries. Higher probabilities were given to select rare industries. The sample was selected systematically within the strata.

The estimated value of a variable was given by (pl see the report Sample design section)

Y(hat) = (Sigma i=1 to 24[Sigma j=1 to 84[Sigma k=1 to 3 Nijk Yijk
------
nijk
Where N = total no of units in the population
n = number of units responded
k = size class of persons engaged
j = industry group of ISIC
i = District

Mode of data collection
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Mail Questionnaire [mail]

Research instrument
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There were 18 questions in the questionnaire. The first 12 questions were on identification information. Questions
13-16 were on inputs and output and question number 17 and 18 were about the investment and labor of the
establishments.

The value of goods moved out, receipt of industrial services done for others and opening and closing stocks of output were collected to compile the gross output.

Inputs were the addition of value of raw materials consumed of the year 1991. (i.e. Cost of raw materials adjusted for stocks ) and the consumption of electricity, fuel and water. Book value at the beginning of the year, gross additions during the year, and Depreciation were canvassed under the four components of fixed assets namely, Land, Building and Other Constructions, Machinery and Other Equipment and Transport Equipment.

The information on employment and earnings, was collected under two sub categories National and Non-Nationals. The number of mail and female national persons engaged were collected separately, but salaries were canvassed only for the total number of employees. In addition to the above non-national employees and their salaries also were canvassed.

Further information extracted from the report : -

Output
Information on output has been collected on shipment basis. The variables canvassed were the value of products moved out from the establishment, value of stocks of finished goods and receipts from industrial services rendered to others.

a. Value of products moved out
i. Value of products made by the establishment using its own raw materials.
ii. Products made by another establishment using material inputs owned by the establishment,
have been considered, as the products made by the establishment and the following three
situations have been considered as the moving out.
i. sending to another establishment or a person
ii. sending to another branch of the same enterprise
iii. sending abroad

These products were valued at the price at which the producer disposes of his goods to the customer (i.e. producer's price). All duties and taxes which fell on the products when they leave the establishment are included and subsidies recovered are excluded. Price rebates, discounts and allowances on returned goods allowed to the customer have been deducted and any transport charges which may be invoiced to the purchaser or user have been excluded. Products released to other establishments of the same enterprise have been treated as though sold and valued at producer's prices.

b. Stocks of finished goods
The values of stocks of finished goods at the beginning and at the end of the year 1991 have been collected. This consists of all finished goods made by the establishment using their own raw materials and manufactured by another establishment using raw materials owned by this establishment and ready for release. Finished goods held by the establishment which were made from materials owned by others have been excluded. Valuation is in producer's prices.

c. Receipts from Industrial Services
The total value of receipts from
i. Contract and Commission work done for others on materials owned by them,
ii. Repairs and installation work done for others,
iii. Sales of scraps and refuses,
iv. Own account investment work, have been included here.

d. Value of output
The value of output was obtained from the value of shipments and other receipts of Industrial
Services adjusted for changes in the values of stocks of finished goods during the reference
period. Value of Output = (Value of products moved out) +
(Closing stocks of finished goods) - (Opening stocks of finished goods) + (Receipts from Industrial Services)

Inputs
Information on inputs has been collected covering the costs of
a. Raw materials, parts and components and packing materials (Imported and Indigenous) consumed,
b. Industrial services done by others for the establishment,
c. Fuel, Electricity & Water consumed.

a. Cost of raw materials, parts and components and packing materials
i. Cost of raw materials, packing materials purchased
All material inputs ( Raw materials, parts, components containers and supplies) purchased by the establishment for the production process either in this establishment or in another establishment have been included. All materials have been valued at purchaser's prices. ie. The delivered value at the establishment, including the purchase price transport charges, cost of insurance, all taxes and duties on the goods. Discounts or rebates allowed to the purchaser and the value of packing materials returned to the supplier have been deducted. The value of materials owned by others and received by the establishment for production process have been excluded and material inputs received by the
establishment from other establishments of the same enterprise (not purchased) for processing have been valued as if purchased.
ii. Values of stocks of raw materials and packing materials etc. The opening and closing stocks of all input materials (imported and indigenous) including packing materials which are purchased (or treated as purchased) have been included. The valuation was at purchaser's prices. The stocks of raw material used for
own account work for producing own fixed assets have been excluded.

b. Cost of industrial services done by others
The total cost of
i. Contract and commission work done by others on materials supplied by the establishments and
ii. Repairs and maintenance services provided by others.
are included.

c. Fuel, electricity and water consumed
The total of the values of Fuel (LP Gas, Coal and Charcoal, Petrol, Diesel Oil, Furnace Oil,
Kerosene Oil, Firewood and others) Electricity and Water consumed has been included.

Raw Materials Consumed
Raw materials consumed (i.e. actually used) has been computed by adjusting stocks of raw materials to the total value of raw materials (imported and indigenous) and packing materials purchased. Raw materials and packing materials consumed;
= (Raw materials and packing materials purchased (Imported + Indigenous)) +(Opening stocks of materials) - (Closing stocks of materials)

Value of Inputs
The total value of raw materials consumed, cost of industrial services done by others
and Fuel, Electricity and Water consumed have been defined as the value of Inputs.

Value Added
Value added has been defined as the difference of the value of output and value of inputs i.e. value of Output - value of Inputs.

Fixed Capital Assets
The book value at the beginning of the year, value of gross additions during the year and depreciation of all assets with productive life of one year or more, owned by the establishment (i.e. Land, Buildings, Other Constructions and Land Improvements, Machinery and Other equipment, Transport equipment) have been collected. Leased or rented assets have not been included.

a. Book value at the beginning of the year
This refers to the original cost price of the item less its depreciation, less assets retired and sold up to the beginning of the year.

b. Gross additions to fixed assets during the year
This is defined as the total of the costs of new and second hand fixed assets acquired during the year and alterations, renovations and improvements purchased, cost of own account work less the value of sales of used fixed assets. Valuation of fixed assets acquired from others was to be at the delivered price plus cost of installation and any necessary fees and taxes. Valuation of fixed assets produced own account had to be valued with imputation for own labor and materials used and an allocation for over head costs. Value of sales of used assets were to be at actual amounts realized.

Employment and Earnings
The information obtained on employment related to the number of persons engaged in the establishment.

a. Number of persons engaged
This is defined as the total number of persons who work in or for the establishment, including working proprietors, active partners, unpaid family workers, operatives and all other employees.

b. Working proprietors and active partners
All individual proprietors and partners who are actively engaged in the work of the establishment have been included here.

c. Unpaid family workers
All persons living in the household of the owners and working in the establishment, with out a regular pay, for at least one third of the normal working time of the establishment and non household members who do work without pay were included.

d. Operatives
All paid employees who were directly engaged in the production or related activities of the establishment including any clerical or working supervisory personal whose function was to record or expedite any step in the production process have been considered as operatives.

e. Other Employees
All paid employees excluding those covered as operatives are reported here, eg. Managers, Directors, Laboratory and research workers, clerks, typists etc.

f. Wages and Salaries
All payments whether in cash or in kind made by the employers during the year 1991 in connection with the work done to all “ employees “ had been included here.
i.e.
i. All regular and overtime cash payments houses and cost of living allowances.
ii. Wages and salaries paid during vacation sick leaves
iii. Taxes and social insurance contribution
iv. Payments in land.

Response rate
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Non response adjustments

It was tried to collect information from all the establishments with over 500 million rupees output. The non responses of the sample were automatically imputed when applying weights. The other establishments were imputed using previous year's information whenever available or, otherwise using either the district or province averages of the category to which the establishments belongs.

摘要
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统计局继续进行始于1984年的年度产业调查，取代了年度制造业调查，涵盖三个工业部门下的所有活动，即：采矿与采石、制造业以及电力、燃气和水分配。
本调查有助于推导出1992年产业名录中所有产业机构的重要产业指标估计值。
对于未回应的机构，需要对信息进行调整，并对样本数据进行膨胀。
年度产业调查的目标包括：
1. 提供产业部门绩效与结构的指标。
2. 更新已有的产业机构名单。
地理覆盖范围
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全国覆盖
分析单位
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产业机构
年度产业调查的统计单位是机构，定义为在单一或相关活动（采矿与采石、制造业和电力、燃气及水生成与分配）中，位于同一地点、受单一所有权或控制下运营的单位。然而，在单一地点从事多种相关活动或在多个地点从事一种活动的产业企业，若无单独记录，则被视为一个计数单位。在任何分析中，均遵循理想的机构定义。收集的企业级信息根据产出比例分解到机构级。辅助单位，如仓库、车库等，被视为主要机构的一部分。
总体
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所有雇佣五人或更多人次的产业机构。
数据类型
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样本调查数据 [ssd]
抽样程序
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抽样程序
年度产业调查主要采用邮政调查。但统计官员会被派往未回应的机构以获取完成的问卷。
雇佣5人或更多人次的产业机构是年度产业调查的目标总体。1983年产业普查中，雇佣5人或更多人次的产业列表构成了年度产业调查的抽样框（样本总体）。
整个抽样框被划分为两个部门：雇佣25人或更多人的机构以及雇佣5-24人的机构。25人或更多部门的机构（普查部分）和5-24部门（调查部分）的概率样本均被调查。普查部分的抽样框会不时更新，而调查部分的抽样框保持不变。
调查部分进一步根据地理位置、工业活动和规模进行分层。地理层为24个行政区域。工业活动定义为产业分组水平（ISIC的4位级）。人员雇佣规模类别定义为5-9人、10-14人和15-24人雇佣，这些被用作规模层。
普查部分大约有2500个机构，从大约12000个产业中选择了约2500个机构作为样本。对稀有产业给予了更高的选择概率。在层内系统性地选择了样本。
变量的估计值由（请参阅报告样本设计部分）给出。

数据收集方式
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邮件问卷 [mail]
研究工具
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问卷中包含18个问题。前12个问题是关于识别信息。问题13-16是关于投入和产出，问题17和18是关于机构的投资和劳动力。
收集的商品移出价值、为他人提供的工业服务的收入以及产出库存的期初和期末价值，以编制总产出。
投入包括1991年消耗的原材料、零部件和包装材料（进口和本地）的价值、为机构提供其他人的工业服务的成本以及消耗的燃料、电力和水。
在固定资产的四个组成部分（土地、建筑和其他建筑、机器和其他设备以及运输设备）下，调查了年初账面价值、当年总增值和折旧。
关于雇佣和收入的信息在两个子类别（国民和非国民）下收集。分别收集了邮件和女性国民人员的雇佣人数，但仅对员工总数进行了薪资调查。此外，还调查了非国民员工及其薪资。
从报告中提取的进一步信息：
产出
收集了关于产出的信息，基于运输基础。调查的变量包括从机构移出的产品价值、成品库存价值和为他人提供的工业服务的收入。
a. 产品移出价值
i. 使用自有原材料制造的产品价值
ii. 使用机构拥有的原材料制造的其他机构的产品，被视为机构制造的产品，以下三种情况被视为移出。
i. 发送到另一个机构或个人
ii. 发送到同一企业的另一个分支机构
iii. 运往国外
这些产品以生产商处置其商品给客户的价格（即生产商价格）计价。当产品离开机构时，所有适用的税费均包括在内，而收回的补贴则排除在外。扣除允许给客户的退货商品的价格折扣、折扣和津贴，以及可能向购买者或用户开具的任何运输费用。释放给同一企业其他机构的产品被视为销售，并以生产商价格计价。
b. 成品库存价值
收集了1991年年初和年末成品库存的价值。这包括所有使用自有原材料制造并由其他机构使用该机构拥有的原材料制造的、准备释放的成品。使用他人拥有的原材料制造的、由机构持有的成品已被排除。评估以生产商价格进行。
c. 工业服务收入
包括以下各项的总收入。
i. 为他人提供的材料拥有的合同和佣金工作
ii. 为他人提供的维修和安装工作
iii. 废料和废物的销售
iv. 自营投资工作

d. 产出价值
产出价值是通过调整参考期间成品库存价值的变动，从运输价值和工业服务收入中获得的。产出价值 =（产品移出价值）+（成品库存期末价值）-（成品库存期初价值）+（工业服务收入）

投入
收集了关于投入的信息，涵盖了以下成本：
a. 原材料、零部件和包装材料（进口和本地）的消费成本
b. 为他人提供的工业服务的成本
c. 消耗的燃料、电力和水

a. 原材料、零部件和包装材料的成本
i. 购买的原材料、包装材料的成本
所有为生产过程购买的原材料（原材料、零部件、容器和供应品）、无论是在此机构还是在其他机构，都包括在内。所有材料都按购买者价格计价。即机构的交货价值，包括购买价格、运输费用、保险费用、所有税费。扣除购买者获得的折扣或回扣以及包装材料退还给供应商的价值。排除由机构从其他机构（未购买）收到的用于生产过程的材料投入的价值，并将来自同一企业其他机构的材料投入（未购买）的价值评估为如果购买。
ii. 原材料和包装材料等的库存价值。包括所有投入材料（进口和本地）的年初和年末库存，包括购买的（或视为购买的）包装材料。评估以购买者价格进行。用于自营工作生产自有固定资产的原材料库存被排除。
b. 为他人提供的工业服务的成本
包括以下各项的总成本。
i. 为他人提供的材料拥有的合同和佣金工作
ii. 由他人提供的维修和维护服务。
c. 消耗的燃料、电力和水

b. 消耗的燃料、电力和水
消耗的燃料（液化石油气、煤和木炭、汽油、柴油油、炉油、煤油、木材和其他）的总价值、电力和水的总价值被包括在内。

原材料消耗
消耗的原材料（即实际使用）是通过调整原材料库存到原材料（进口和本地）和包装材料购买的总价值来计算的。消耗的原材料和包装材料；=（原材料和包装材料购买（进口+本地））+（材料库存期初价值）-（材料库存期末价值）

投入价值
消耗的原材料、为他人提供的工业服务的成本和消耗的燃料、电力和水的总价值被定义为投入价值。

增值
增值被定义为产出价值与投入价值的差额，即产出价值 - 投入价值。

固定资产
收集了机构拥有的、使用寿命为一年或更长的所有资产（即土地、建筑、其他建筑和土地改良、机器和其他设备、运输设备）的年初账面价值、当年总增值和折旧。租赁或租用的资产不包括在内。
a. 年初账面价值
这指的是项目的原始成本减去折旧、减去截至年初退休和出售的资产。

b. 固定资产当年的总增值
这定义为当年新购和二手固定资产的购置成本、购置的改造、翻新和改进成本、自营工作的成本减去已售二手固定资产的价值的总和。从他人处获得的固定资产的评估应为交货价格加上安装成本和任何必要的费用和税费。自营生产的固定资产的评估应考虑使用的自有劳动力和材料的价值，以及为间接成本分配的金额。已售二手资产的价值应为实际实现的金额。

雇佣和收入
关于雇佣的信息与机构中雇佣的人数有关。
a. 雇佣人数
这定义为在机构工作或在机构工作的人员总数，包括工作业主、活跃合伙人、无偿家庭工人、操作员和所有其他员工。

a. 工作业主和活跃合伙人
所有积极参与机构工作的个人业主和合伙人包括在内。

b. 无偿家庭工人
所有生活在业主家庭中并在机构工作，没有固定工资，至少在机构正常工作时间的三分之一内工作的人员，以及非家庭成员无偿工作的人员包括在内。

c. 操作员
所有直接参与机构生产或相关活动并包括任何记录或促进生产过程中任何步骤的职能的文职或工作监督人员都被视为操作员。

d. 其他员工
除操作员以外的所有付费员工均在此报告，例如经理、董事、实验室和研究人员、职员、打字员等。

f. 工资和薪金
所有雇主在1991年期间与工作有关的支付，无论是现金还是实物，均包括在内。
i. 所有定期和加班现金支付、房屋和成本加成津贴。
ii. 假期病假期间的工资和薪金
iii. 税收和社会保险贡献
iv. 土地支付。

响应率
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非响应调整
试图从所有产出超过50亿卢比的建筑机构收集信息。在应用权重时，样本的非响应自动进行了估计。其他机构在使用可用往年信息的情况下或使用所属类别的地区或省的平均值进行估计。