Sentinel
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The Sentinel fleet of satellites is designed to deliver land remote sensing data that are central to the European Commissions Copernicus program. The Sentinel-2 mission is the result of close collaboration between the European Space Agency (ESA), the European Commission, industry, service providers, and data users. The mission has been designed and built by a consortium of around 60 companies led by Airbus Defence and Space, and supported by the CNES French space agency to optimize image quality and by the DLR German Aerospace Centre to improve data recovery using optical communications. The Sentinel-2 mission consists of two satellites developed to support vegetation, land cover, and environmental monitoring. The Sentinel-2A satellite was launched by ESA on June 23, 2015, and operates in a sun-synchronous orbit with a 10-day repeat cycle. The current Sentinel-2A acquisition priorities are focused primarily on Europe. A second identical satellite (Sentinel-2B) was launched March 7, 2017 and is expected to be operational for data acquisitions in 3 - 4 month. Together they will cover all Earths land surfaces, large islands, and inland and coastal waters every five days. The Sentinel-2 MultiSpectral Instrument (MSI) acquires 13 spectral bands ranging from Visible and Near Infrared (VNIR) to Shortwave Infrared (SWIR) wavelengths along a 290-km orbital swath. The MSI sensor data are complementary to data acquired by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) and Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+). A collaborative effort between ESA and the USGS provides for the public access and redistribution of global acquisitions of ESAs Sentinel-2 data at no cost through secondary U.S. based portals, in addition to direct user access from ESA.
哨兵(Sentinel)卫星编队旨在提供陆地遥感数据,此类数据是欧盟委员会哥白尼(Copernicus)计划的核心支撑内容。哨兵-2(Sentinel-2)任务是欧洲空间局(European Space Agency, ESA)、欧盟委员会、工业界、服务提供商与数据用户紧密协作的成果。该任务由空客防务与航天(Airbus Defence and Space)牵头的约60家企业组成的联合体设计并建造,法国国家空间研究中心(Centre National d'Études Spatiales, CNES)为其提供支持以优化图像质量,德国航天中心(Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, DLR)则助力其通过光通信技术提升数据恢复能力。 哨兵-2任务包含两颗卫星,旨在为植被、土地覆盖与环境监测提供支撑。哨兵-2A卫星由欧洲空间局于2015年6月23日发射升空,运行于回归周期为10天的太阳同步轨道。当前哨兵-2A的数据获取优先级主要集中于欧洲区域。第二颗同型号卫星哨兵-2B(Sentinel-2B)于2017年3月7日发射,预计将在3至4个月后投入数据获取任务。二者协同运行后,可每5天完成一次全球陆地、大型岛屿以及内陆与沿海水域的覆盖观测。 哨兵-2多光谱仪(MultiSpectral Instrument, MSI)可获取13个光谱波段,覆盖从可见光近红外(Visible and Near Infrared, VNIR)到短波红外(Shortwave Infrared, SWIR)的波长范围,轨道幅宽达290千米。该多光谱仪的传感器数据与美国地质调查局(United States Geological Survey, USGS)的陆地卫星8号业务陆地成像仪(Operational Land Imager, OLI)以及陆地卫星7号增强型专题制图仪Plus(Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus, ETM+)所获取的数据形成互补。 除欧洲空间局提供的直接用户访问渠道外,欧洲空间局与美国地质调查局的合作项目还支持通过美国境内的二级门户免费获取、再分发全球范围的哨兵-2卫星数据。

- 欧洲空间局(ESA)正式启动Sentinel卫星系列任务,标志着Sentinel数据集的诞生。
- Sentinel-1A卫星成功发射,开始提供高分辨率的合成孔径雷达(SAR)图像数据。
- Sentinel-2A卫星发射,开始提供多光谱遥感数据,覆盖范围广泛,包括农业、林业和环境监测等领域。
- Sentinel-1B卫星发射,与Sentinel-1A形成双星系统,提高了数据覆盖频率和连续性。
- Sentinel-2B卫星发射,与Sentinel-2A共同提供全球高分辨率多光谱数据,增强了数据集的时空分辨率。
- Sentinel-3A卫星发射,开始提供海洋和陆地观测数据,包括海平面高度、海洋颜色和陆地表面温度等。
- Sentinel-5P卫星发射,专门用于大气监测,提供空气质量和气候变化相关数据。
- Sentinel-3B卫星发射,与Sentinel-3A共同提供全球海洋和陆地观测数据,增强了数据集的覆盖范围和精度。



