Effects of CWAF chemically enhanced water accommodated sub-fractions on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor PPAR gamma binding.

CWAF (COREXIT water-accommodated fraction) was fractionated using solid phase extraction using Silica cartridges. Four fractions were collected: 50:50 water:ethanol, methanol, dichloromethane and hexane. Fractions were then dried down and resuspended in DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide) to be used for ligand binding assays. HEK293T cells were triple transfected with PPARγ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma) ligand binding domain expression vectors, firefly luciferase reporter vectors and renilla luciferase control vectors. Cells were then exposed to positive and negative control ligands (Rosiglitazone and DMSO respectively) and serial dilutions of DOSS (dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate), ICP (inductively coupled plasma):PG (propylene glycol):DOSS, ICP:PG and Span80 treatments. Activation of the PPARγ binding domain was observed in DOSS containing treatments only, exhibiting a dose response curve indicating obesogenic potential DOSS.