Data from: Effects of human-wildlife conflicts on local people’s livelihoods and wildlife conservation in and around Alitash National Park, Northwest Ethiopia

Human-wildlife conflict has become one of the fundamental aspects of
wildlife management. It threatens both wildlife and human welfare. People
injured, abused, and killed wildlife in response to perceived and/or
actual damages from wildlife. Such negative interactions are common
adjacent protected areas (PAs) where people and wildlife share the same
resources. However, the local contexts of the conflict around the most
newly established PAs remain unaddressed. Thus, the aim of this study was
to assess the effects of human-wildlife conflicts on local people’s
livelihood and wildlife conservation in and around Alitash National Park,
Ethiopian. The data were collected by interviewing 198 households from 11
villages and conducting 3 focus group discussions and 12 key informant
interviews. The survey questions were designed to understand the
occurrence of wildlife damage, species involved, losses incurred and local
people’s perception and reaction.  The results revealed that
59.6% of the surveyed households encountered at least a single type of
wildlife caused damage. Crop damage was the most prevalent encountered
more than half (54%) of the households, of which 34.4 and 19.6% were lost
at most 25 and 75% of their crop fields, respectively. Common warthog,
African porcupines and common baboon were the top ranked wildlife species
involved in crop-raiding. The livestock loss from 2016 to 2020 was 287.89
tropical livestock units, which were shared by 47.5% of the respondents.
Human attacks were rare; although 18 attacks by lion, spotted hyena and
leopard reported by the study participants. The responses of the victims
were negative and full of resentment to the wildlife. This undermines
conservation efforts and socio-economic welfare of the local people. Thus,
providing alternative livelihood opportunities and creating a
context-based conservation scheme along with continuous conservation
education would help to reduce the negative effect of human-wildlife
conflicts on both wildlife and people.