MATHEMATICALMODELOFTHEEYEOPTICS

The human eye is a complex optical system that focuses light onto the retina, enabling vision. This paper presents a mathematical model of the eye’s optics based on geometrical optics principles and anatomical parameters. The model treats the eye as a multi-element lens system, incorporating the cornea, aqueous humor, crystalline lens, and vitreous humor with their respective refractive indices and curvatures. Using paraxial ray tracing and transfer matrix methods, the model simulates normal vision, accommodation, and common refractive errors such as myopia and hyperopia. The results align well with physiological data, demonstrating the model’s capability to replicate optical behavior and its potential applications in ophthalmology and vision science.