Descriptive statistics and transformations.

The sample mean and standard deviation for each variable are presented. Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality tests were performed on each variable and the test statistic (D) and p-value reported. If the results of the Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality tests indicated a significant departure from normality, a transformation of the original data was performed and the results presented.See text for an explanation of the variables.*Indicates that the original data departed significantly from the expectations of a normal distribution based on the Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test.aA Box-Cox transformation with a λ of.337 (lower estimate.281, upper estimate.393) was used.bA Box-Cox transformation with a λ of –2.022 (lower estimate –2.079, upper estimate –1.966) was used.