Supplementary Material for: Different Psychosocial Factors Are Associated with Seasonal and Perennial Allergies in Adults: Cross-Sectional Results of the KORA FF4 Study

Background: Psychosocial factors are supposed to play a central role in the development of allergic diseases. Associations with seasonal and perennial forms of allergies have not been investigated, yet. Objectives: The aim of the study was to investigate the associations of psychosocial factors (social status, depression, generalized anxiety, psychosocial stress, Type-D personality) with seasonal, perennial, and other forms of allergies in adults. Method: The analysis of self-reported data of the KORA FF4 study was performed with SAS 9.4. The sample consisted of 1,782 study participants in the study region of Augsburg (39–88 years, 61 years, 51.1% female). Descriptive bivariate statistics and multinomial logistic regression models were performed. Age, sex, family predisposition, and smoking status were considered possible confounders. Moreover, several sensitivity analyses were carried out to check whether missing values distorted the results. Results: A positive association between generalized anxiety and seasonal allergies was found in the multivariate model. Depression was positively, and anxiety negatively, associated with perennial allergies. No association between the analyzed psychosocial factors and other forms of allergies could be found. Conclusion: The results support the relevance of psychosocial factors in association with allergies. Looking at the psychosocial factors, a separate consideration of seasonal and perennial allergies seems reasonable. Further longitudinal studies should investigate the direction of the associations, the underlying mechanisms, and other psychosocial factors, such as coping mechanisms, in confirmed allergies.背景：心理社会因素被认为在变应性疾病的发生发展中发挥核心作用。然而，目前尚未有研究探讨心理社会因素与季节性、常年性变应性疾病的关联。 研究目的：本研究旨在探讨成人群体中，心理社会因素（包括社会地位、抑郁、广泛性焦虑、心理社会应激、D型人格（Type-D personality））与季节性、常年性及其他类型变应性疾病的关联。 方法：本研究采用SAS 9.4软件对KORA FF4研究的自评数据进行分析。研究样本纳入奥格斯堡研究区域内的1782名参与者，年龄范围为39~88岁，平均年龄61岁，女性占比51.1%。分析采用描述性双变量统计方法及多项逻辑回归模型。研究纳入年龄、性别、家族易感倾向及吸烟状态作为潜在混杂因素。此外，本研究开展了多项敏感性分析，以检验缺失值是否对研究结果造成偏倚。 结果：多变量模型分析显示，广泛性焦虑与季节性变应性疾病存在正相关关系。抑郁与常年性变应性疾病呈正相关，而广泛性焦虑则呈负相关。本研究未发现所分析的心理社会因素与其他类型变应性疾病存在关联。 结论：本研究结果证实了心理社会因素与变应性疾病的相关性。针对心理社会因素进行分析时，将季节性与常年性变应性疾病分开探讨具有合理性。未来应开展进一步的纵向研究，以明确此类关联的方向、潜在机制，并探索确诊变应性疾病人群中其他心理社会因素（如应对机制）的作用。