Difference of allergen components of dust mite in allergic asthma with/without atopic dermatitis in children

To analyze the difference of allergen components of dust mite in allergic asthma with or without atopic dermatitis in children, and to provide reference for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of allergic diseases caused by dust mite allergy in children. Children with dust mite sensitized allergic asthma (AA) with or without atopic dermatitis (AD) were collected from January 2021 to October 2022 at the Department of Allergy, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University. The sIgE levels of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p) components Der p 1, Der p 2, Der p 5, Der p 7, Der p 10, Der p 21, Der p 23, and Dermatophagoides farinae (Der f) components Der f 1, Der f 2 were detected by the protein chip method. To analyze the difference of dust mite sensitized components in allergic asthma with/without atopic dermatitis in children. A total of 131 children with allergic asthma sensitized by dust mites were collected, including 34 cases of AA combined with AD (AA&AD) and 97 cases of the AA group. The sensitization rate of dust mite components was more than 50%: Der p 1 (64.1%), Der f 1 (67.2%), Der p 2 (67.2%), Der f 2 (67.2%). The sensitization rates of Der p 1 and Der f 1 in the AA&AD group were significantly higher than those in the AA group (85.3%vs 56.7%; 85.3%vs 60.8%)(P​Der p 1, Der f 1, and Der p 10 in the AA&AD group were significantly higher than those in the AA group (P​Der p 1, Der f 1, Der p 2, and Der f 2 was the highest, at 23.7%. The co-sensitization rate of≥4 dust mite components was higher in the AA&AD group than in the AA group [55.9% vs 44.3%]. Der p 1, Der f 1, Der p 2 and Der f 2 are the major components of dust mites sensitized allergic asthma in children. The sensitization rates and sIgE levels of dust mite sensitization components Der p 1 and Der f 1 are higher in children with allergic asthma accompanied by atopic dermatitis. Allergic asthma accompanied by atopic dermatitis is often sensitized by multiple components.