Ophthalmic parameters in adult Pomeranian dogs

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to establish ophthalmic parameters in the Pomeranian dog breed. Schirmer tear test (STT), tear breakup time test (TBUTT), Jones test (JT), aesthesiometry, biomicroscopy, tonometry, non-contact specular microscopy (SM), ophthalmoscopy and ultrasonography (US) were carried out 48 eyes of 24 male and female Pomeranian dogs from a breeding kennel. Descriptive statistics was applied for data analysis. Means and standard errors found for STT, TBUT, JT, esthesiometry and tonometry were 24.310±0.448mm/min, 14.570±0.406s., 8.420±1.571min, 3.667±0.157cm and 17.960±0.697mmHg, respectively. For biomicroscopy, 43.75% of the eyes presented caruncle trichiasis, 25% chromodacryorrhea, 25% medial entropion and 10,42% distichiasis. SM showed endothelial cells density of 1958.285±36.760 cells/mm². For hexagonality, endothelial cells area and central corneal thickness were 62.229±2.183%, 519.231±9.853mm², 0.567±0.006mm, respectively. Ophthalmoscopy presented a pattern described in other breeds. Amelanotic fundus was reported in 8.33% of the eyes. The US means and standard errors for axial length of the eyeball, lens thickness, anterior and vitreous chamber depth were 16.859±0.148mm, 6.651±0.081mm, 2.673±0.091mm and 7.485±0.101mm. Mild changes in the lacrimal evaluation parameters were influenced by eyelid changes in STT type I. Increased corneal sensitivity was observed in the breed.**摘要** 本研究旨在确立博美犬（Pomeranian dog）的眼科参考参数。研究对来自某专业繁殖犬舍的24只雌雄博美犬的48只眼，依次开展了施墨泪液试验（Schirmer tear test, STT）、泪膜破裂时间试验（tear breakup time test, TBUTT）、琼斯试验（Jones test, JT）、角膜触觉测量法、裂隙灯生物显微镜检查、眼压测量、非接触角膜内皮显微镜检查（non-contact specular microscopy, SM）、检眼镜检查及眼部超声检查（ultrasonography, US）。本研究采用描述性统计学方法完成数据分析。施墨泪液试验、泪膜破裂时间、琼斯试验、角膜触觉测量及眼压测量的均值±标准误分别为24.310±0.448mm/min、14.570±0.406s、8.420±1.571min、3.667±0.157cm及17.960±0.697mmHg。裂隙灯生物显微镜检查结果显示，43.75%的受试眼存在泪阜倒睫，25%存在色素性泪溢，25%存在内侧睑内翻，10.42%存在双行睫。非接触角膜内皮显微镜检查结果显示，受试眼的内皮细胞密度为1958.285±36.760 cells/mm²；内皮细胞六角形比率、内皮细胞面积及中央角膜厚度分别为62.229±2.183%、519.231±9.853mm²及0.567±0.006mm。检眼镜检查结果与其他犬种的报道模式一致，8.33%的受试眼存在无色素性眼底。眼部超声检查的各项参数均值±标准误如下：眼球轴长、晶状体厚度、前房深度及玻璃体腔深度分别为16.859±0.148mm、6.651±0.081mm、2.673±0.091mm及7.485±0.101mm。泪液评估参数存在轻度异常，该异常与Ⅰ型施墨泪液试验中观察到的眼睑变化相关；该犬种可见角膜敏感性升高。