新地岛-世界地理数据大百科辞条

俄罗斯的新地岛（Novaya Zemlya Islands）位于北冰洋内，地理坐标为51&deg25′54″E-69&deg5′37″E，70&deg26′33″N-77&deg0′42″N。新地岛呈东北-西南向分布，东西宽100千米，南北长600千米。新地岛由458个岛屿组成（最小面积68.86平方米），群岛面积79,706.56平方千米。最大的两个岛屿分别是谢韦尔内岛（北岛，Severny Island）和尤日内岛（南岛，Yuzhny Island），其中，谢韦尔内岛面积最大，达到45,776.41平方千米，海岸线长3,529.65千米；尤日内岛海岸线最长，长度为3,800.98千米，面积为32,765.38平方千米。谢韦尔内岛地表大部分地域被冰川覆盖。在谢韦尔内岛和尤日内岛之间是80千米长、500-2000米宽的马托奇金海峡(Matochkin Strait)。此外，新地岛还包括梅日杜沙尔斯基岛（Mezhdusharsky Island）等在内的一系列小岛和岛礁。新地岛在地质构造上属于乌拉尔山向北的延伸部分，在卡拉海峡部分被海断开。但是，其地质构造等特征与乌拉尔山一脉相承。新地岛的海岸线曲折，中部地区无论东海岸还是西海岸均呈突出海岬与深海湾相间分布的峡湾地理特征。西南海岸线破碎，出现一系列离岸岛礁分布的现象。新地岛岸线长9,093.32km。该数据集是在Google Earth遥感卫星影像及相关的地图基础上研发完成。数据集以.kmz 和.shp 格式存储，压缩后数据量为18.10MB。

The Novaya Zemlya Islands of Russia are located in the Arctic Ocean, with geographic coordinates ranging from 51°25′54″E to 69°5′37″E and 70°26′33″N to 77°0′42″N. The archipelago stretches in a northeast-southwest direction, with a width of 100 km from east to west and a length of 600 km from north to south. It consists of 458 islands (the smallest one covers an area of 68.86 m²), and the total area of the archipelago is 79,706.56 km². The two largest islands are Severny Island (Northern Island) and Yuzhny Island (Southern Island). Severny Island is the largest in area, reaching 45,776.41 km² with a coastline length of 3,529.65 km; Yuzhny Island has the longest coastline, measuring 3,800.98 km and covering an area of 32,765.38 km². Most of the surface of Severny Island is covered by glaciers. Between Severny Island and Yuzhny Island lies the Matochkin Strait, which is 80 km long and 500–2000 m wide. In addition, the Novaya Zemlya archipelago also includes a series of small islands and reefs such as Mezhdusharsky Island. Geologically, Novaya Zemlya is the northward extension of the Ural Mountains, partially separated by the Kara Strait, but its geological characteristics are consistent with those of the Ural Mountains. The coastline of Novaya Zemlya is highly indented. In the central region, both the eastern and western coasts feature fjord-like landscapes, with prominent headlands alternating with deep bays. The southwestern coastline is fragmented, with a series of offshore reefs distributed along it. The total length of the archipelago's coastline is 9,093.32 km. This dataset was developed based on Google Earth remote sensing satellite imagery and related maps. The dataset is stored in .kmz and .shp formats, with a compressed size of 18.10 MB.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集详细描述了俄罗斯新地岛的地理特征，包括其位置、面积、主要岛屿（如Severny Island和Yuzhny Island）、冰川分布及地质构造。数据基于Google Earth图像和相关地图合成，以.kmz和.shp格式提供，适用于地理和遥感研究。