Parkes observations for project P1050 semester 2023APRS_01

This is a request for the observation time for the timing campaign of new pulsars discovered in the reprocessing of the low-latitude Galactic plane section of the HTRU-S survey (HTRU-S LowLat) and the Parkes Multibeam Pulsar Survey (PMPS). We have completed 90 % of the HTRU-S LowLat survey and completed zero acceleration PMPS search with GPU-based coherent acceleration search, template bank, and fast folding algorithm pipelines and now have discovered 112 previously unknown pulsars among which 18 were found in the PMPS. Interesting science can usually only be derived from a new pulsar after confirmation, and a follow-up timing campaign is carried out. At least one year of initial timing is the minimum timespan required to fully characterise any newly-discovered pulsars, essential for deriving pulsar parameters such as the characteristic age, magnetic field strength, and spin-down rate, as well as for detecting any unexpected behaviour of the pulsar which might result from emission instabilities. This project is necessary for the timing of several interesting pulsars, including binary pulsars, high DM pulsars, scattered profile pulsars, and bright ones that show emissions in larger bandwidths in the UWL band. Apart from this, finding the nature of a unique binary pulsar system via a dedicated observing campaign is also another goal. The follow-up timing in semester 2023APRS will assist in completing many exciting large-term science goals.

本申请旨在为HTRU-S巡天（HTRU-S LowLat）低银纬银道面区域以及帕克斯多波束脉冲星巡天（Parkes Multibeam Pulsar Survey, PMPS）再处理中发现的新脉冲星的计时观测计划申请观测时长。我们已完成HTRU-S LowLat巡天90%的再处理工作，并依托基于图形处理器（Graphics Processing Unit, GPU）的相干加速搜索、模板库及快速折叠算法处理流程，完成了PMPS巡天的零加速度搜索任务，目前已发现112颗此前未被记录的脉冲星，其中18颗来自PMPS巡天。通常而言，新发现的脉冲星仅在得到观测确认并开展后续计时观测项目后，方可产出具有科学价值的研究成果。为完整表征每一颗新发现的脉冲星，至少需要一年的初始计时观测时长，这是推导脉冲星特征年龄、磁场强度及自转减速速率等关键参数，以及探测由射电辐射不稳定性引发的脉冲星异常行为的必要前提。本项目针对多颗极具科研价值的脉冲星开展计时观测，包括双星脉冲星、高色散量（Dispersion Measure, DM）脉冲星、脉冲轮廓展宽脉冲星，以及在UWL波段拥有更宽辐射带宽的亮脉冲星。除此之外，通过专属观测项目解析一颗特殊双星脉冲星系统的本质属性，亦是本项目的另一目标。2023APRS观测学期的后续计时观测工作，将助力完成多项极具意义的长期科学目标。