Datasets on fitness, thermal tolerance and fatty acid composition of Drosophila buzzatii reared under different temperature-diet combinations

This dataset includes six datasets that compile phenotypic and physiological information from individuals of the cactophilic fly species <i>Drosophila buzzatii</i>, reared under different experimental combinations of temperature (25 °C and 10 °C, with or without daily thermal fluctuation) and diet (standard laboratory diet and semi-natural diets based on the cacti <i>Trichocereus terscheckii</i> and <i>Opuntia sulphurea</i>).<br><br>Measured variables are:<b>Viability:</b> Number of adults that emerged per Line–Diet–Temperature–Block–Replicate combination, out of a total of 40 larvae.<b>Development time:</b> Number of days from egg hatching to adult emergence. The number of adults (N) recorded for each developmental time is also indicated.<b>Number of ovarioles:</b> Count per female.<b>Wing length:</b> Measured in millimeters, per wing and per female.<b>Chill coma recovery time (CCRT):</b> Recovery time in seconds after cold-induced coma.<b>Lipid profile:</b> Proportion of 11 fatty acids (C10, C12, C12:1, C13, C14, C14:1, C16, C16:1, C18, C18:1, C18:2, and C18:3) relative to the total fatty acid fraction extracted from adults.Explanatory variables are:<b>Diet:</b> Three experimental diets were used: a standard laboratory diet (potato flakes rehydrated with water and nipagin) and two semi-natural diets based on the cacti <i>Trichocereus terscheckii</i> and <i>Opuntia sulphurea</i>.<b>Temperature:</b> Four thermal regimes were applied: two constant temperatures (10 °C and 25 °C), and two fluctuating regimes with the same mean values (10 ± 6 °C and 25 ± 6 °C), simulating daily thermal cycles using the Parton–Logan model.<b>Line:</b> Five isofemale lines (DB23, DB36, DB44, DB60, and DB101), each derived from a single wild-caught female (San Juan, Argentina).<b>Block:</b> Year/date when individual measurements were taken, used to account for temporal dependency where applicable.<b>Replicate:</b> For viability data, refers to the specific vial in which larvae were reared.<b>Sample:</b> For fatty acid data, refers to pooled individuals used for analysis.