Identification of a Novel Sequence at the 3′ End of the GB Virus B Genome

GB virus B (GBV-B) is a virus of the family Flaviviridae that infects small primates (Saguinus sp. [tamarins]) and shows similarities to hepatitis C virus (HCV) in genome organization, protein function, tissue tropism, and pathogenicity. This suggests the possibility of using tamarins infected by GBV-B or GBV-B/HCV chimeric viruses as a surrogate animal model of HCV infection. To achieve the construction of such chimeric viruses, it is essential to produce a complete and infectious GBV-B genomic RNA. We have identified a novel sequence at the 3′ end of the GBV-B genome and show that it can be arranged in a secondary structure resembling that of the 3′ end of the HCV genome, which is known to be essential for infectivity.