Data for "Siberia-Gobi Thermal Contrast Modulates Early-Season Dust Emissions Through Near-Surface Winds"

This dataset contains processed data used to investigate how the Siberia-Gobi thermal contrast modulates dust-emission-favorable conditions over the China-Mongolia Gobi Desert (CMGD) during January–March 2000–2024. The files include regional thermal contrast (ΔT), sea level pressure difference (ΔSLP), 10 m wind speed (WSP10), dust emission (DE), daily/hourly anomalies and normalized anomalies, daily snow cover fraction, NOAA station-based dust observations, and composite anomaly fields for High-ΔT and Low-ΔT conditions. The processed data were derived from ERA5 reanalysis, MERRA-2 dust emission, NOAA Integrated Surface Database (ISD) observations, and MODIS Terra daily snow cover product (MOD10A1).