Tick-borne pathogens interactions enhance transmission in cattle and ticks in Ogun, Nigeria

The study was conducted in Ogun state, in Southwest Nigeria between March and September 2013. Ticks were collected during the wet season when tick populations are known to be abundant and all species of ticks are likely to be present (Bayer et al., 1984; Walker et al., 2003). The study involved 21 different herds of cattle from eight Local Government Areas covering all agroecological zones of Ogun State, Nigeria (Figure 1). Additionally, ten grazing routes used by cattle in the State were covered by the study. Farms were selected randomly using the snowballing approach as described by Parker et al. (2019), where one farmer provided a link to another for the sampling.