The position of Iranian left-wing parties regarding the White Revolution project in 1963

Academic studies have not given adequate attention to the history of political parties and organizations in Iran, despite Iran being an important neighboring country with significant sensitivity and importance to various regions in the Arab world. Since the early 1960s, Iran has become entangled in significant political developments that have had a profound impact on its overall situation. It has witnessed important transformations, including the maturation of opposition political thought. This thought was able to move beyond theoretical ideological frameworks and engage in practical realities, opposing the authoritarian rule of the Pahlavi regime and foreign presence. The authorities attempted to establish party organizations loyal to them in order to limit the activities of opposition parties. However, these opposition parties were weak in the face of the dominance of the authorities and their security forces. Opposition to the Pahlavi family's rule was not a futile endeavor aimed solely at overthrowing their rule. It was a prelude to new leadership that the Iranian street perceived as having a higher and more noble position. The feeling of reassurance towards these leadership figures generated a desire for comprehensive change that encompassed all aspects of the existing state. The opposition was not characterized by a single ideological color. It consisted of various nationalist, secular, religious, materialistic communist, and Western liberal parties. However, the Islamic current dominated the Iranian political scene. In response, the authorities attempted to establish political parties loyal to them, known as the "power parties," in order to suppress public discontent. However, these power parties themselves contributed to the downfall of the regime due to their detachment from the Iranian street and the prevalence of administrative and financial corruption within their leadership ranks.尽管伊朗是阿拉伯世界各区域兼具高度敏感性与重要性的关键邻国，但学界尚未对伊朗政党与政党组织的历史给予足够关注。自20世纪60年代初以来，伊朗深陷一系列重大政治变局之中，这些变局对其整体局势产生了深远影响。该国经历了诸多重要变革，其中包括反对派政治思潮的成熟——该思潮已突破理论意识形态框架，投身于现实实践，反对巴列维政权（Pahlavi regime）的专制统治与外国势力存在。当局曾试图组建效忠于自身的政党组织，以限制反对党的活动，但面对当局及其安全力量的压制，这些反对党势单力薄。反对巴列维家族统治的斗争并非仅仅旨在推翻其统治的徒劳之举，这实则是新领导层登场的序幕：伊朗民众认为这些领导层人物拥有更为崇高的地位。民众对这些领导层人物的信任感，催生了对现有国家各层面进行全面变革的诉求。反对派并非单一意识形态阵营，其涵盖了各类民族主义、世俗主义、宗教主义、唯物共产主义以及西方自由主义政党，但伊斯兰思潮主导了伊朗的政治舞台。对此，当局试图组建效忠于自身的政党，即所谓的“权力党（power parties）”，以压制民众的不满情绪。然而，这些权力党自身却加速了该政权的倒台——究其原因，在于它们脱离伊朗民众，且其领导层内部盛行行政与财务腐败。