HYPOTHYROIDISM AND CARDIOVASCULAR PATHOLOGY: RISK FACTORS, EARLY DIAGNOSIS, AND WAYS TO PREVENT COMPLICATIONS

This thesis is devoted to hypothyroidism and cardiovascular pathology, with special emphasis on risk factors, early diagnosis, and prevention of complications. The thesis shows that thyroid hormone deficiency influences lipid metabolism, vascular tone, myocardial function, and hemodynamic balance, thereby creating conditions that may contribute to cardiovascular disorders. Particular attention is given to the role of dyslipidemia, bradycardia, vascular dysfunction, and delayed recognition of thyroid disease in the development of adverse cardiovascular outcomes. The thesis also highlights the diagnostic importance of thyroid-stimulating hormone and free thyroxine in identifying hypothyroidism at an early stage, including subclinical forms in selected patients. It is concluded that prevention of complications requires not only timely diagnosis, but also adequate long-term treatment, monitoring, and integrated cardiovascular risk management. Overall, the thesis underlines the importance of interdisciplinary evaluation of patients with thyroid dysfunction and cardiovascular complaints.