Cattle Cell Atlas - a versatile single-cell/nucleus transcriptomic resource for cattlerus Raw sequence reads

Cattle (Bos taurus) play vital roles in food production and genetic research. We generated 1,793,854 single-cell/nuclei RNA-seq data from 59 tissues/organs of 15 cattle. Combining this with published data, we compiled specific marker genes to classify cell types and states in bovine tissues. Here, we introduce the Cattle Cell Atlas (CattleCA) - a comprehensive single-cell/nucleus transcriptomic resource representing 130 major cell types across 1,175 cell clusters. Transcriptome-based classification aligns with existing anatomical and functional knowledge, revealing diverse cell subtypes in the mammary gland, male reproduction, and immune systems. Extending our analysis to human tissues, we found high similarity between cattle and humans, while differences exist, especially in cattle-specific tissues like rumen and placenta. Despite some limitations, CattleCA will be an invaluable resource for advancing fundamental biology, understanding evolution, studying mammalian genetics, enhancing precision breeding efforts, and exploring the emerging field of cell-based food systems. CattleCA is freely accessible at http://cattlecellatlas.farmgtex.org.