Data from: Vitamin D status and COVID-19 clinical outcomes in hospitalized patients

Context: Populations severely affected by COVID-19 are also at
risk for vitamin D deficiency. Common risk factors include older age,
chronic illness, obesity, and non-Caucasian race. Vitamin D deficiency has
been associated with risk for respiratory infections and failure,
susceptibility and response to therapy for enveloped virus infection, and
immune-mediated inflammatory reaction. Objective: To test the
hypothesis that 25-hydroxyvitamin D[25(OH)D] deficiency is a risk factor
for severity of COVID-19 respiratory and inflammatory complications.
Design: We examined the relationship between retrospectively
obtained prehospitalization 25(OH)D levels and COVID-19 clinical outcomes
in 700 COVID-19 positive hospitalized patients. Primary
Outcomes: Discharge status, mortality, length of stay, intubation
status, renal replacement Secondary Outcomes: Inflammatory
markers Results: 25(OH)D levels were available in 93 patients
[25(OH)D:25(IQR:17–33)ng/mL]. Compared to those without 25(OH)D levels,
those with measurements did not differ in age, BMI or distribution of sex
and race, but were more likely to have comorbidities. Those with
25(OH)D<20ng/mL (n=35) did not differ from those with
25(OH)D³20ng/mL in terms of age, sex, race, BMI, or comorbidities. Low
25(OH)D tended to be associated with younger age and lower frequency of
preexisting pulmonary disease. There were no significant between-group
differences in any outcome. Results were similar in
those ³50years, in male/female-only cohorts, and when differing
25(OH)D thresholds were used (<15ng/ml and <30ng/ml). There
was no relationship between 25(OH)D as a continuous variable and any
outcome, even after controlling for age and pulmonary disease. 
Conclusions: These preliminary data do not support a relationship
between vitamin D status and COVID-19 clinical outcomes.