Viktor Koval - Colecția de la Arhiva SIS Moldova

This ad-hoc collection was separated from the fonds of judicial files concerning persons subject to political repression during the communist regime, which is currently stored in the Archive of the Intelligence and Security Service of the Republic of Moldova (formerly the KGB Archive). It focuses on the case of Viktor Koval, an engineer of Russian ethnic background who expressed ”anti-Soviet” political opinions during the late 1970s and early 1980s, when he was working at an electrical equipment factory in the city of Bălți. In August 1982, Koval was found guilty of “spreading calumnies and lies aimed at discrediting the Soviet state and social order.” However, instead of being sentenced to prison, he was sent to a special psychiatric facility of the Soviet Ministry of Internal Affairs (MVD), where he spent almost eight years before being released in May 1990. Koval’s case is a revealing example of the use of punitive psychiatry in order to suppress voices critical of the Soviet regime. His file is also significant in the context of the early 1980s, usually viewed as a period featuring few open manifestations of oppositional activity.

本非正式汇编资料源于涉及共产主义时期政治迫害对象的司法档案，现藏于摩尔多瓦共和国情报与安全局档案（前苏联克格勃档案）。该汇编聚焦于维克托·科瓦尔的案例，科瓦尔系俄罗斯族工程师，在20世纪70年代末至80年代初，于巴尔蒂市的一家电气设备厂工作时，表达了对苏联的“反苏”政治观点。1982年8月，科瓦尔被判定犯有“散布诽谤和谎言，旨在诋毁苏联国家和社会秩序”之罪。然而，他并未被判入狱，而是被送至苏联内务部（MVD）的特殊精神病院，在那里度过了近八年，直至1990年5月获释。科瓦尔的案件是利用惩罚性精神病抑制对苏联体制持批评态度的声音的典型案例。在20世纪80年代初期的背景下，该档案亦具有显著意义，因为这一时期通常被视为开放性反对活动表现较少的时期。