Climate Solutions 10-K Dataset

climate-solutions-10k

This repository provides data for climate solutions, defined as products and services that develop or deploy technologies in a transition to a low-carbon economy. We fine-tune a GPT3.5 model to identify climate solutions sentences in 10-K Item 1 Business Description.

CSmeasure10k_firmyear data contains the following variables:
conm: company name
gvkey: company identifier
fyear: fiscal year
CS Measures:
gpt_total_sentence: total number of 10-K Item 1 sentences
gpt_positive: number of 10-K Item 1 sentences classified as a climate solutions sentence
gpt_climate_ratio: main Climate Solutions Measure, defined as gpt_positive divided by gpt_total_sentence, times 100
gpt_top_*: the percent of climate solutions sentences in the top 50 and 100 sentences in 10-K Item 1
gpt_weighted_*: a weighted measure placing a larger weight on earlier sentences in 50 and 100 sentence-increments
gpt_rolling_*: the percent of climate solutions sentences in the 50- and 100-sentence-segment with the highest ratio of climate solutions sentences
CS Topics:
stc_*: number of 10-K Item 1 sentences belonging to one of nine topic categories, divided by gpt_total_sentence, times 100
ts_*: number of 10-K Item 1 sentences belonging to one of 88 topics, divided by gpt_total_sentence, times 100

Data available for firms in 13 industry groups from fiscal years 2005-2022. Future updates will be available in GitHub.
For topic details, see CSmeasure_topics file.

Reference: Lu, S., Serafeim, G., Xu, S., & Awada, M. (2025). Tracking Business Opportunities for Climate Solutions using AI in Regulated Accounting Reports.