Gene based analysis testing the association between the cortisol features and common variants (minor allele frequency > 0.05) in the stress response genes using SKAT (Method 3).

MP-Fisher in the last column is the proposed multi-phenotype analysis (Method 4) that combines the gene-based p-values across the seven cortisol features.
CAR: cortisol awakening response. AUC: area under the diurnal cortisol curve. EDSlope: early decline slope. ODSlope: overall decline slope. LDSlope: Late decline slope. MP-Fisher: The Fisher’s probability test combining the seven cortisol features where permutation is used to account for the correlation among cortisol features. EUR: European Americans. AFA: African Americans. HIS: Hispanic Americans. Meta-WZ [36]: meta-analysis using weighted Z-score test. Meta-F: meta-analysis using Fisher’s probability test. Meta-WF [37]: meta-analysis using weighted Fisher’s probability test. Each cell presents the p-value. Age, gender and top five principal components were adjusted as covariates. Each cell presents the p-value. P-values less than 0.05 are bolded. Gene-level Bonferroni threshold is 0.0012 for single cortisol feature analysis, and 0.0083 for multiple cortisol features analysis.
Gene based analysis testing the association between the cortisol features and common variants (minor allele frequency > 0.05) in the stress response genes using SKAT (Method 3).