A century-long monitoring of rice plant height during growth period in central Taiwan

The temporal variations in the crop traits of rice, one of the major grain crops, are garnering increasing attention from agronomist, ecologists and conservation biologists. However, long-term datasets of rice plant height during growth period with consistent cropping method at the consistent research field are rather rare. Here we describe a dataset of rice plant height containing 24446 records for 20 rice cultivars collected from a research farm in central Taiwan between 1925 and 2024, spanning a century. The plant heights were collected during the growth period for two cropping seasons (cool and warm) a year. Taiwan has good-quality cultivars and climatic conditions suitable for rice growth, making it an ideal place to study rice growth. Our data can be used to understand the rice growth cycle, investigate the temporal changes of rice plant height, construct the crop growth model, and to understand temporal variations in rice plant height concerning climate change, environmental factors, and anthropogenic pressures among cultivars and cropping seasons.作为主要粮食作物之一的水稻，其农艺性状的时间动态变化正日益受到农学家、生态学家与保护生物学家的关注。然而，在统一试验田采用一致种植方式获取的水稻生育期株高长期数据集仍较为稀缺。本研究构建了一套水稻株高数据集，涵盖1925年至2024年（跨度达一个世纪）台湾中部某试验农场采集的20个水稻品种的24446条记录。该数据集的株高数据于每年两个种植季（冷季与暖季）的水稻生育期内采集。台湾拥有优质水稻品种与适宜水稻生长的气候条件，是开展水稻生长研究的理想区域。本数据集可用于解析水稻生长周期、探究水稻株高的时间动态变化、构建作物生长模型，以及解析不同品种与种植季下水稻株高随气候变化、环境因子及人为压力的时间变异规律。