CPTOND-2025

High-quality public transport operation network data serves as the foundation for urban transportation research, operational optimization, and sustainable development planning. China operates the world's largest and highest-ridership public transport system, where buses and metros jointly constitute the primary modes of urban mobility. Despite the critical importance of bus-metro systems, there remains a significant gap in comprehensive, integrated, and format-consistent bus-metro operational datasets available at the national scale. To advance and enhance China's existing public transport data resources, this study presents the China Public Transport Operation Network Dataset (CPTOND-2025). Based on data collection conducted in June 2025, this dataset systematically integrates bus operation networks from 350 cities and metro operation systems from 46 cities across mainland China, Hong Kong, and Macao, totaling 351 cities (with 45 cities having both bus and metro systems). CPTOND-2025 was constructed using scientifically designed methodologies that integrate data from professional bus platforms and commercial map APIs (Amap). Key technical processes include systematic route discovery, multi-source data fusion, coordinate system transformation, network segment analysis, and station projection, ultimately forming an integrated operational network with a total route length of approximately 3,408,000 kilometers (bus routes: ~3,375,000 km, metro routes: ~33,000 km). The dataset records key operational attributes including operating hours, fares, operating companies, and operational status, with bilingual field support in both Chinese and English. All data are stored in standardized Shapefile format using the WGS-84 (EPSG:4326) coordinate system, with an average spatial positioning accuracy of 5.08 meters. As a standardized, comprehensive, and open-access dataset, CPTOND-2025 supports diverse applications including operational efficiency assessment, network topology analysis, fare policy research, accessibility equity evaluation, transport network resilience analysis, and Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) studies, providing scientific data support for China's public transport management decisions while facilitating international academic exchange and comparative studies through GTFS format compatibility.

高质量公共交通运营网络数据，是城市交通研究、运营优化与可持续发展规划的核心基础。中国拥有全球规模最大、客运量最高的公共交通系统，公共汽电车与地铁（metro）共同构成城市出行的核心方式。尽管公交-地铁联合系统至关重要，但当前全国范围内缺乏全面整合、格式统一的公交-地铁运营数据集，存在显著数据缺口。为完善并丰富中国现有公共交通数据资源，本研究发布中国公共交通运营网络数据集（China Public Transport Operation Network Dataset, CPTOND-2025）。该数据集基于2025年6月开展的数据采集工作，系统性整合了中国内地、香港及澳门地区350个城市的公交运营网络与46个城市的地铁运营系统，覆盖总计351个城市（其中45个城市同时拥有公交与地铁系统）。CPTOND-2025采用科学设计的构建方法，整合了专业公交平台与商业地图应用程序编程接口（API，Amap，高德地图）的多源数据。核心技术流程涵盖系统性线路发现、多源数据融合、坐标系转换、线路段分析与站点投影，最终形成一体化运营网络，总线路长度约340.8万公里（其中公交线路约337.5万公里，地铁线路约3.3万公里）。该数据集记录了运营时段、票价、运营企业与运营状态等核心运营属性，并支持中英双语字段。所有数据采用WGS-84（EPSG:4326）坐标系，以标准化形状文件（Shapefile）格式存储，空间定位平均精度达5.08米。作为标准化、全面且开放获取的数据集，CPTOND-2025可支撑多样化应用场景，涵盖运营效率评估、网络拓扑分析、票价政策研究、出行公平性评价、交通网络韧性分析以及公共交通导向型开发（Transit-Oriented Development, TOD）研究；其既可为中国公共交通管理决策提供科学数据支撑，同时通过兼容通用公交数据交换格式（GTFS），助力国际学术交流与比较研究。

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

CPTOND-2025是一个全面、标准化的中国公共交通运营网络数据集，整合了全国351个城市的公交和地铁系统数据，总路线长度约340.8万公里，支持多种交通研究应用。数据集采用WGS-84坐标系统，平均空间定位精度5.08米，并以Shapefile格式存储，便于国际学术交流。