Table_8_Differential expression of GABAA receptor subunits δ and α6 mediates tonic inhibition in parvalbumin and somatostatin interneurons in the mouse hippocampus.xlsx

Inhibitory γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic interneurons mediate inhibition in neuronal circuitry and support normal brain function. Consequently, dysregulation of inhibition is implicated in various brain disorders. Parvalbumin (PV) and somatostatin (SST) interneurons, the two major types of GABAergic inhibitory interneurons in the hippocampus, exhibit distinct morpho-physiological properties and coordinate information processing and memory formation. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the specialized properties of PV and SST interneurons remain unclear. This study aimed to compare the transcriptomic differences between these two classes of interneurons in the hippocampus using the ribosome tagging approach. The results revealed distinct expressions of genes such as voltage-gated ion channels and GABAA receptor subunits between PV and SST interneurons. Gabrd and Gabra6 were identified as contributors to the contrasting tonic GABAergic inhibition observed in PV and SST interneurons. Moreover, some of the differentially expressed genes were associated with schizophrenia and epilepsy. In conclusion, our results provide molecular insights into the distinct roles of PV and SST interneurons in health and disease.

抑制性γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）能神经元在神经元回路中调节抑制，并支持大脑的正常功能。因此，抑制功能的失调被认为与多种脑部疾病有关。在 hippocampus 中，副白蛋白（PV）和生长抑素（SST）神经元是两种主要的GABA能抑制性神经元，它们展现出独特的形态生理特性，并协调信息处理和记忆形成。然而，PV 和 SST 神经元特殊特性的分子机制尚不明确。本研究旨在利用核糖体标记技术，比较 hippocampus 中这两种类别的神经元在转录组上的差异。结果显示，PV 和 SST 神经元在电压门控离子通道和GABAA受体亚基等基因的表达上存在显著差异。Gabrd 和 Gabra6 被鉴定为导致 PV 和 SST 神经元中观察到的对比性静息GABA能抑制的贡献者。此外，一些差异表达的基因与精神分裂症和癫痫有关。综上所述，我们的研究结果为 PV 和 SST 神经元在健康和疾病中的不同作用提供了分子层面的见解。