Homo sapiens Raw sequence reads

Human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) are considered to be key effector cells in orthodontic tooth movement. The magnitude, duration and frequency of orthodontic force would affect hPDLSCs proliferation and differentiation. To identify the influence of different mechanical frequencies on hPDLSCs, we compared the expression of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between groups. The FX-5000T system was used to establish hPDLSCs models with different frequencies. RNA of control group, 0.1Hz group and 0.5Hz group was selected to perform RNA-seq analysis which would significantly enrich DEGs in each group and construct biological functions. RT-PCR was conducted to validate the RNA-seq analysis. A total of 4472 DEGs with annotation were identified. DEGs were annotated into Gene Ontology terms such as response to stimulus, cellular reproduction, growth, cellular developmental process. Moreover, DNA replication, Cell cycle and Fanconi anemia pathway were significantly enriched in pathway analysis. Trend analysis suggested that genes related to cell metabolism and proliferation showed a decreasing tendency with increasing mechanical frequency. In contrast, differentiation-related genes showed the opposite trend. Relatively high mechanical frequency promotes hPDLSCs osteogenesis differentiation but inhibits proliferation through cell processes such as cell cycle, cellular component organization or biogenesis, metabolic process and so on. In the above-described process, FA pathway may play a role in the regulation of hPDLSCs proliferation.