General Household Survey 2014 - South Africa

Abstract
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The GHS is an annual household survey specifically designed to measure the living circumstances of South African households. The GHS collects data on education, health and social development, housing, household access to services and facilities, food security, and agriculture.

Geographic coverage
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The General Household Survey 2014 had national coverage.

Analysis unit
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Households and individuals

Universe
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The survey covers all de jure household members (usual residents) of households in the nine provinces of South Africa and residents in workers' hostels. The survey does not cover collective living quarters such as student hostels, old age homes, hospitals, prisons and military barracks.

Kind of data
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Sample survey data

Sampling procedure
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The sample design for the GHS 2014 was based on a master sample (MS) that was originally designed for the Quarterly Labour Force Survey (QLFS) and was used for the first time for the GHS in 2008. This master sample is shared by the QLFS, GHS, Living Conditions Survey (LCS), Domestic Tourism Survey (DTS) and the Income and Expenditure Survey (IES).

The master sample used a two-stage, stratified design with probability-proportional-to-size (PPS) sampling of primary sampling units (PSUs) from within strata, and systematic sampling of dwelling units (DUs) from the sampled PSUs. A self-weighting design at provincial level was used and MS stratification was divided into two levels. Primary stratification was defined by metropolitan and non-metropolitan geographic area type. During secondary stratification, the Census 2001 data were summarised at PSU level. The following variables were used for secondary stratification: household size, education, occupancy status, gender, industry and income.

Mode of data collection
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Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument
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Questionnaire

Data appraisal
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GHS 2009-2015:
The variable on land size in the General Household Survey questionnaire for 2009-2015 should be used with caution. The data comes from questions on the households' agricultural activities in Section 8 of the GHS questionnaire: Household Livelihoods: Agricultural Activities. Question 8.8b asks:
“Approximately how big is the land that the household use for production? Estimate total area if more than one piece.” One of the response category is worded as:
1 = Less than 500m2 (approximately one soccer field)
However, a soccer field is 5000 m2, not 500, therefore response category 1 is incorrect. The correct category option should be 5000 sqm. This response option is correct for GHS 2002-2008 and was flagged and corrected by Statistics SA in the GHS 2016.

GHS 2014-2018 and from GHS 2021 onwards:
The person data file in has two Employment Status variables in the GHS. According to the Statistics SA documentation, both these variables are derived from the variables LAB1 and LAB12. But the value “Unspecified” in the variable employ_Status1 becomes “Not Economically Active” in the variable employ_Status2. There is no clear explanation for this change. Statistics SA has been contacted for further information on these variables.

摘要
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GHS（综合家庭调查）是一项年度的家庭调查，旨在衡量南非家庭的居住状况。GHS收集有关教育、健康和社会发展、住房、家庭对服务和设施的可获得性、粮食安全和农业的数据。

地理覆盖范围
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2014年综合家庭调查具有全国覆盖范围。

分析单元
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家庭和个人

调查范围
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调查涵盖南非九个省份的所有法定家庭成员（常住居民）以及工人宿舍的居民。调查不包括学生宿舍、养老院、医院、监狱和军事营房等集体生活场所。

数据类型
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样本调查数据

抽样程序
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GHS 2014年的样本设计基于一个主样本（MS），该样本最初是为季度劳动力调查（QLFS）设计的，并在2008年首次用于GHS。此主样本由QLFS、GHS、生活条件调查（LCS）、国内旅游调查（DTS）和收入与支出调查（IES）共享。

主样本采用两阶段分层设计，对层内的初级抽样单位（PSU）进行概率比例大小（PPS）抽样，并对抽样PSU中的住宅单位（DU）进行系统抽样。在省级层面使用自加权设计，MS分层分为两个层次。初级分层由都市和非都市地理区域类型定义。在次级分层中，2001年人口普查数据在PSU层面进行汇总。以下变量用于次级分层：家庭规模、教育、居住状态、性别、行业和收入。

数据收集方式
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面对面 [f2f]

研究工具
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问卷

数据评估
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GHS 2009-2015年：
在2009-2015年GHS问卷中关于土地面积的变量应谨慎使用。这些数据来自GHS问卷第8节“家庭生计：农业活动”中的问题：问题8.8b询问：“家庭用于生产的土地大约有多大？如果超过一块，请估计总面积。”其中一个回答选项的措辞为：
1 = 低于500平方米（约一个足球场）
然而，足球场的面积是5000平方米，而不是500，因此回答选项1是不正确的。正确的选项应为5000平方米。此回答选项在GHS 2002-2008年是正确的，并由南非统计局在GHS 2016年进行了标记和纠正。
GHS 2014-2018年和从GHS 2021年开始：
GHS的数据文件中有两个就业状态变量。根据南非统计局的文档，这两个变量都是从LAB1和LAB12变量派生出来的。但变量employ_Status1中的“未指定”值在变量employ_Status2中变为“非经济活动”。对此变化没有明确的解释。南非统计局已被联系以获取有关这些变量的更多信息。