Data from: Metaproteomics reveals metabolic transitions between healthy and diseased stony coral Mussismilia braziliensis

Infectious diseases such as white plague syndrome (WPS) and black band disease (BBD) have caused massive coral loss worldwide. We performed a metaproteomic study on the Abrolhos coral Mussismilia braziliensis to define the types of proteins expressed in healthy corals compared to WPS- and BBD-affected corals. A total of 6363 MS/MS spectra were identified as 361 different proteins. Healthy corals had a set of proteins that may be considered markers of holobiont homoeostasis, including tubulin, histone, Rab family, ribosomal, peridinin–chlorophyll a-binding protein, F0F1-type ATP synthase, alpha-iG protein, calmodulin and ADP-ribosylation factor. Cnidaria proteins found in healthy M. braziliensis were associated with Cnidaria–Symbiodinium endosymbiosis and included chaperones (hsp70, hsp90 and calreticulin), structural and membrane modelling proteins (actin) and proteins with functions related to intracellular vesicular traffic (Rab7 and ADP-ribosylation factor 1) and signal transduction (14-3-3 protein and calmodulin). WPS resulted in a clear shift in the predominance of proteins, from those related to aerobic nitrogen-fixing bacteria (i.e. Rhizobiales, Sphingomonadales and Actinomycetales) in healthy corals to those produced by facultative/anaerobic sulphate-reducing bacteria (i.e. Enterobacteriales, Alteromonadales, Clostridiales and Bacteroidetes) in WPS corals. BBD corals developed a diverse community dominated by cyanobacteria and sulphur cycle bacteria. Hsp60, hsp90 and adenosylhomocysteinase proteins were produced mainly by cyanobacteria in BBD corals, which is consistent with elevated oxidative stress in hydrogen sulphide- and cyanotoxin-rich environments. This study demonstrates the usefulness of metaproteomics for gaining better comprehension of coral metabolic status in health and disease, especially in reef systems such as the Abrolhos that are suffering from the increase in global and local threatening events.白色斑块综合征（White Plague Syndrome, WPS）与黑带病（Black Band Disease, BBD）等传染性疾病已在全球范围内造成大规模珊瑚死亡。本研究针对阿布洛霍斯海域的巴西珊瑚（Mussismilia braziliensis）开展宏蛋白质组学研究，旨在明确健康珊瑚与感染WPS、BBD的珊瑚中表达的蛋白质类型差异。本研究共鉴定得到6363条MS/MS质谱谱图，对应361种不同蛋白质。健康珊瑚含有一系列可被视为共生体稳态标志物的蛋白质，包括微管蛋白、组蛋白、Rab家族蛋白、核糖体相关蛋白、多甲藻素-叶绿素a结合蛋白、F0F1型ATP合酶、alpha-iG蛋白、钙调蛋白以及ADP核糖基化因子。在健康的M. braziliensis中发现的刺胞动物门蛋白质与刺胞动物-虫黄藻（Symbiodinium）内共生过程相关，包括分子伴侣蛋白（Hsp70、Hsp90以及钙网蛋白）、结构与膜重塑蛋白（肌动蛋白），以及参与细胞内囊泡运输（Rab7与ADP核糖基化因子1）和信号转导（14-3-3蛋白与钙调蛋白）的蛋白质。感染WPS的珊瑚会导致蛋白质主导类型发生显著转变：从健康珊瑚中与需氧固氮菌（即根瘤菌目、鞘氨醇单胞菌目以及放线菌目）相关的蛋白质，转变为感染WPS的珊瑚中由兼性/厌氧硫酸盐还原菌（即肠杆菌目、交替单胞菌目、梭菌目以及拟杆菌门）产生的蛋白质。感染BBD的珊瑚形成了以蓝细菌与硫循环细菌为主导的多样化微生物群落。在感染BBD的珊瑚中，Hsp60、Hsp90以及腺苷同型半胱氨酸酶主要由蓝细菌产生，这与富含硫化氢与蓝藻毒素的环境中氧化应激水平升高的现象相符。本研究证实了宏蛋白质组学可用于更好地解析健康与患病珊瑚的代谢状态，尤其适用于像阿布洛霍斯礁这样正面临全球与本地威胁事件增多的珊瑚礁系统。