Transcriptomic analysis of Tdap-IPV whole blood immune responses II

Control of pertussis depends on primary vaccination of infants in combination with booster vaccination of children, adults, and recently also pregnant women. Tetanus-diptheria-acellular pertussis (Tdap) booster vaccines are frequently given in many countries and can be formulated with inactivated poliovirus (Tdap-IPV). Although Tdap-IPV provides clinical protection, both pertussis antibody levels and clinical protection decay shortly after vaccination. This highlights the need for a better understanding of the mechanisms of immunogenicity of aP-containing combination vaccines, which may explain the longevity of the antibody response to vaccination. In order to identify immune signatures that are induced by Tdap-IPV vaccination and which can be associated with humoral responses, we analyzed changes in gene expression. RNA sequencing analysis was performed on whole blood collected at baseline (Day 0) and one day (Day 1) post-vaccination from children (11-13 years old, n = 13, Oxford cohort) who received a dose of Tdap-IPV.