黑河流域地表过程综合观测网：四道桥超级站涡动相关仪（2022）

该数据集包含了2022年1月1日至2022年12月31日的黑河流域地表过程综合观测网下游四道桥超级站涡动相关仪观测数据。站点位于内蒙古额济纳旗四道桥，下垫面是柽柳。观测点的经纬度是101.1374E, 42.0012N，海拔873 m。涡动相关仪的架高8m，采样频率是10Hz，超声朝向是正北向，超声风速温度仪（CSAT3）与CO2/H2O分析仪（Li7500）之间的距离是15cm。
涡动相关仪的原始观测数据为10Hz，发布的数据是采用Eddypro软件处理的30分钟数据，其处理的主要步骤包括：野点值剔除，延迟时间校正，坐标旋转（二次坐标旋转），频率响应修正，超声虚温修正和密度（WPL）修正等。同时对各通量值进行质量评价，主要是大气平稳性（Δst）和湍流相似性特征（ITC）的检验。对Eddypro软件输出的30min通量值也进行了筛选：（1）剔除仪器出错时的数据；（2）剔除降水前后1h的数据；（3）剔除10Hz原始数据中每30min内缺失率大于10%的数据。观测数据的平均周期为30分钟，一天48个数据，缺失数据标记为-6999。
发布的观测数据包括：日期/时间Date/Time，风向Wdir（°），水平风速Wnd（m/s），侧向风速标准差Std_Uy（m/s），超声虚温Tv（℃），水汽密度H2O（g/m3），二氧化碳浓度CO2（mg/m3），摩擦速度Ustar（m/s），奥布霍夫长度L（m），感热通量Hs（W/m2），潜热通量LE（W/m2），二氧化碳通量Fc（mg/(m2s)），感热通量的质量标识QA_Hs，潜热通量的质量标识QA_LE，二氧化碳通量的质量标识QA_Fc。感热、潜热、二氧化碳通量的质量标识分为九级（质量标识1-3数据质量好，4-6数据质量较好，7-8数据质量较差（较插补数据好）；9数据质量差））。数据时间的含义，如0:30代表0:00-0:30的平均；数据以*.xls格式存储。
黑河流域地表过程综合观测网或站点信息请参考Liu et al. (2018)，观测数据处理请参考Liu et al. (2011)。

This dataset contains eddy covariance observations collected at the Sidaoqiao Super Station of the downstream segment of the Comprehensive Observation Network for Surface Processes of the Heihe River Basin, spanning from January 1 to December 31, 2022. The station is located in Sidaoqiao, Ejina Banner, Inner Mongolia, with an underlying surface covered by *Tamarix ramosissima*. The observation site has coordinates of 101.1374°E, 42.0012°N and an elevation of 873 m. The eddy covariance system is mounted at a height of 8 m, with a sampling frequency of 10 Hz. The ultrasonic anemometer faces true north, and the distance between the CSAT3 ultrasonic wind speed and temperature sensor and the Li7500 CO₂/H₂O analyzer is 15 cm.

The raw observational data from the eddy covariance system is at 10 Hz, while the released data are 30-minute averaged data processed using the EddyPro software. The main processing steps include: outlier removal, time lag correction, double coordinate rotation, frequency response correction, ultrasonic virtual temperature correction, and WPL (Webb-Pearman-Leuning) density correction, among others. Quality assessment was conducted for each flux product, primarily including tests for atmospheric stationarity (Δst) and turbulence similarity characteristics (ITC). Additionally, the 30-minute flux values output by EddyPro were filtered according to the following criteria: (1) Remove data recorded during instrument malfunctions; (2) Remove data within 1 hour before and after precipitation events; (3) Remove data with a missing rate exceeding 10% in each 30-minute segment of the 10 Hz raw data. The average period of the observational data is 30 minutes, resulting in 48 data records per day, and missing data are marked as -6999.

The released observational data include the following variables: Date/Time, wind direction Wdir (°), horizontal wind speed Wnd (m/s), lateral wind speed standard deviation Std_Uy (m/s), ultrasonic virtual temperature Tv (℃), water vapor density H₂O (g/m³), carbon dioxide concentration CO₂ (mg/m³), friction velocity Ustar (m/s), Obukhov length L (m), sensible heat flux Hs (W/m²), latent heat flux LE (W/m²), carbon dioxide flux Fc (mg/(m²s)), quality flag for sensible heat flux QA_Hs, quality flag for latent heat flux QA_LE, and quality flag for carbon dioxide flux QA_Fc. The quality flags for sensible heat, latent heat, and carbon dioxide fluxes are divided into nine levels: quality flags 1–3 indicate good data quality, 4–6 indicate fair data quality, 7–8 indicate poor data quality (better than interpolated data), and 9 indicates very poor data quality. The meaning of the data timestamp is as follows: 0:30 represents the average over the period 0:00–0:30. All data are stored in *.xls format.

For information about the Comprehensive Observation Network for Surface Processes of the Heihe River Basin or the station, please refer to Liu et al. (2018). For details on the observational data processing, please refer to Liu et al. (2011).

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集是黑河流域地表过程综合观测网在2022年全年于下游四道桥超级站通过涡动相关仪收集的观测数据，站点位于内蒙古额济纳旗，下垫面为柽柳，用于监测地表过程。数据经过Eddypro软件处理为30分钟平均值，包括气象参数和通量测量（如感热、潜热和二氧化碳通量），并进行了严格的质量控制和筛选，确保数据可靠性，以支持水文和生态研究。