Energy for Future: Engaging young people in modelling for a more inclusive energy transition at the country scale

This is a dataset and instantiation of the highRES-Norway modelling framework, which allows a user to run the Norway-specific version of the highRES-European version (https://github.com/highRES-model/highRES-Europe-WF). Additional information on how the model and workflow is structured can be found in the repository: (https://github.com/JavedMS/highRES-Norway). Parts of this dataset are acquired and updated from the highRES-European version dataset available at (https://zenodo.org/records/14223618) This particular version of the data is set to run a model based on the weather conditions of 2010, which may impact the performance and availability of variable renewable energy sources (wind, solar, and hydro) and demand. Demand data The underlying demand data is acquired from the interannual demand calculator (https://zenodo.org/records/10820928), which is further processed to envision future projections, as documented here: https://github.com/tobiasvh15/highRES-Norway/tree/demand. The data available in the interannual demand calculator ranges from between 1941-2023. Weather data Weather data used in highRES-Europe is based on ERA5 reanalysis data from ECMWF (https://www.ecmwf.int/en/forecasts/dataset/ecmwf-reanalysis-v5), which is available from 1940 to the present. ERA5 reanalysis data is used to generate hourly capacity factor time series for onshore and offshore wind power, solar power, and run-of-river hydropower, as well as to estimate hourly inflow to hydropower reservoirs. Moreover, the wind power capacity factors are bias-corrected using historical wind power production data from the Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate (NVE). The hydropower time series are further normalised based on historic electricity generation data from the U.S. Energy Information Administration (https://www.eia.gov/international/data/world/electricity/electricity-generation). Techno-economic data Cost and technical data is taken from UKTM (<https://www.ucl.ac.uk/energy-models/models/uk-times>) with data from the JRC report "Cost development of low carbon energy technologies: Scenario-based cost trajectories to 2050" (<https://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/handle/JRC109894>) used to update some areas. Energy storage capacities for reservoir and pumped storage are taken from Schlachtberger et al. (2017) and Geth et al. (2015) respectively (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2017.06.004 and https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.07.145). Land availability restrictions and shapefiles Part of the workflow includes excluding areas from VRE deployment. Shapefiles are acquired from Eurostat (https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/gisco/geodata/statistical-units/territorial-units-statistics). The main exclusions are based on Corine land cover (https://doi.org/10.2909/960998c1-1870-4e82-8051-6485205ebbac), Norway landscape data (https://www.geonorge.no/en/about/) and WDPA (https://www.protectedplanet.net/en/thematic-areas/wdpa?tab=WDPA).