东江湖流域水供给服务时空格局数据集(1995-2010)

与水相关的生态系统服务是生态学研究的热点问题。以东江湖流域为研究区域，基于DEM数据和Google earth影像，提取流域边界，并利用ArcSWAT模型将流域划分为24个子流域。基于InVEST模型，计算1995-2010年流域内的产水量，利用产水量表示流域的水供给服务量，得到东江湖流域水供给服务时空格局数据集。产水量计算输入变量包括：降水量、参考作物蒸散发、植物可获得水量、根系限制层深度、生物物理参数表。计算多年平均降水量数据以后，运用ANUSPLIN4.4模型进行空间插值得到4期降水量空间栅格数据。参考作物蒸散发基于日值气象数据，利用经过校正的FAO56Penman-Monteith公式计算，然后进行多年平均和ANUSPLIN空间插值处理。植物可获得水量使用SPAW Hydrology模型中的Soil Water Characteristics进行计算。根系限制层深度利用土壤参考深度近似替代。生物物理参数表反映了土地利用/覆被类型的属性，包括土地利用/覆被编码、最大根系深度、蒸散系数。由于水供给量是降水与实际蒸散发的差值，降水量对水供给量的影响最大，实际蒸散发由模型通过潜在蒸散发计算而来。因此本数据集在计算产水量之前对降水和潜在蒸散发的空间插值数据进行校准能够在很大程度上保证产水量计算的准确性。该数据集支持以下结论“1995-2010年，东江湖流域水供给量整体呈现先增加后减少的趋势，年均水供给量为1100-1600 mm；各年水供给量呈现由湖区向四周递增的格局；各子流域平均水供给量为750-1700 mm”。本数据集包括：（1）东江湖流域的子流域边界数据；（2）1995、2000、2005和2010年东江湖流域水供给量的空间分布数据；（3）1995、2000、2005和2010年东江湖流域降水量、蒸散发量和供水量。（4）1995、2000、2005和2010年东江湖流域不同土地覆被类型平均水供给量。（5）东江湖各子流域水供给服务统计数据。数据集存储为.shp、.kmz、.tif和.xlsx格式，共包括23个数据文件，原始数据量为21.7MB。压缩为2个文件，压缩后的数据量为8.02MB。该数据集的分析研究成果发表在《生态学报》2016年第36卷第15期。

Water-related ecosystem services have been a hot research focus in ecology. Taking the Dongjianghu Lake Basin as the study area, the basin boundary was extracted based on DEM data and Google Earth imagery, and the basin was divided into 24 sub-basins using the ArcSWAT model. Based on the InVEST model, the water yield in the basin from 1995 to 2010 was calculated, and water yield was used to represent the water provision service capacity of the basin, thus developing the spatiotemporal pattern dataset of water provision services for the Dongjianghu Lake Basin. The input variables for water yield calculation include: precipitation, reference crop evapotranspiration, plant available water content, root restriction layer depth, and biophysical parameters table. After calculating the multi-year average precipitation data, the ANUSPLIN 4.4 model was used for spatial interpolation to obtain four-period spatial raster data of precipitation. Reference crop evapotranspiration was calculated based on daily meteorological data using the calibrated FAO-56 Penman-Monteith equation, followed by multi-year average calculation and ANUSPLIN spatial interpolation processing. Plant available water content was calculated using Soil Water Characteristics from the SPAW Hydrology model. The root restriction layer depth was approximately replaced by the soil reference depth. The biophysical parameters table reflects the attributes of land use/land cover (LULC) types, including LULC codes, maximum root depth, and evapotranspiration coefficients. Since water provision is the difference between precipitation and actual evapotranspiration, precipitation has the greatest impact on water provision, and actual evapotranspiration is derived by the model from potential evapotranspiration. Therefore, calibrating the spatial interpolation data of precipitation and potential evapotranspiration before calculating water yield in this dataset can largely ensure the accuracy of water yield calculation. This dataset supports the following conclusions: "From 1995 to 2010, the water provision in the Dongjianghu Lake Basin generally showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, with an annual average water provision of 1100–1600 mm; the annual water provision showed a pattern of increasing from the lake area to the surrounding areas; the average water provision of each sub-basin was 750–1700 mm". This dataset includes: (1) Sub-basin boundary data of the Dongjianghu Lake Basin; (2) Spatial distribution data of water provision in the Dongjianghu Lake Basin in 1995, 2000, 2005 and 2010; (3) Precipitation, evapotranspiration and water provision data of the Dongjianghu Lake Basin in 1995, 2000, 2005 and 2010; (4) Average water provision data for different land use/land cover types in the Dongjianghu Lake Basin in 1995, 2000, 2005 and 2010; (5) Statistical data of water provision services for each sub-basin of the Dongjianghu Lake Basin. The dataset is stored in .shp, .kmz, .tif and .xlsx formats, totaling 23 data files with an original data volume of 21.7 MB. It is compressed into 2 files with a compressed data volume of 8.02 MB. The analytical research results of this dataset were published in *Acta Ecologica Sinica*, Volume 36, Issue 15, 2016.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集聚焦于1995-2010年间东江湖流域的水供给服务时空格局，基于DEM、Google Earth图像和InVEST模型计算，划分了24个子流域并提供1公里分辨率的水供给服务空间数据。数据集包含边界、降雨、蒸散发及水供给服务的统计信息，格式多样，总数据量21.7MB，用于分析流域水循环变化并支持相关科学研究。