兰州大学寒旱区科学观测网络CARN（民勤站气象要素梯度观测系统-2019）

该数据集包含了2019年8月16日至2019年12月31日兰州大学寒旱区科学观测网络民勤站气象要素梯度观测系统数据。站点位于甘肃省武威市民勤县，地处中国西部地区巴丹吉林沙漠和腾格里沙漠之间。观测点的经纬度是103.668E，39.208N，海拔1020m。二维超声风速/风向传感器和空气温湿度传感器分别架设在4m、8m处，共2层，朝向正北；气压计安装在1.5m采集箱内；翻斗式雨量计安装在塔4m处；红外温度计安装在4m处，朝向正南，探头朝向垂直向下；土壤热通量板（自校正式）（2块）依次埋设在塔南侧植被下5cm和10cm处；土壤温/湿/电导率传感器和土壤水势传感器埋设在塔南侧植被下20cm和40cm处；光合有效辐射传感器、日照时数传感器以及四分量辐射仪安装在4m处，朝向正南。 观测项目有：风速（WS_4m、WS_8m）(单位：米/秒)、风向（WD_4m、WD_8m）(单位：度)、空气温湿度（Ta_4m、Ta_8m和RH_4m、RH_8m）(单位：摄氏度、百分比)、气压（PA）(单位：百帕)、降水量（P）(单位：毫米)、四分量辐射（SWIN、SWOUT、LWIN、LWOUT、Rn）(单位：瓦/平方米)、地表辐射温度（TC）(单位：摄氏度)、土壤热通量（SHF）(单位：瓦/平方米)、土壤水分（SWC）(单位：百分比)、土壤温度（Ts）(单位：摄氏度) 、土壤水势（SWP）（单位：千帕）、土壤电导率（EC）（单位：微西门子/厘米）、光合有效辐射（PPFD）(单位：微摩尔/平方米秒)、日照时数（Sun_time）（单位：小时）。观测数据的处理与质量控制：（1）确保每天48个数据（每30min）；2019.8.24起，4m和8m超声风速/风向传感器故障，该位置风速数据错误; 2019.8.20起，10cm和20cm土壤水势、土壤含水量传感器故障，该位置土壤水势及土壤含水量数据有误；（2）剔除有重复记录的时刻；（3）删除了明显超出物理意义或超出仪器量程的数据；（4）数据中以红字标示的部分为有疑问的数据；（5）日期和时间的格式统一，并且日期、时间在同一列。如，时间为：2019-06-10 10:30。

This dataset contains meteorological element gradient observation data from the Minqin Station of the Cold and Arid Regions Science Observation Network of Lanzhou University, spanning from August 16, 2019 to December 31, 2019. The station is located in Minqin County, Wuwei City, Gansu Province, between the Badain Jaran Desert and the Tengger Desert in western China. The observation site has coordinates of 103.668°E, 39.208°N, with an altitude of 1020 m.

Two-dimensional ultrasonic wind speed and direction sensors and air temperature and humidity sensors were installed at 4 m and 8 m respectively, forming two layers, both facing true north. The barometer was installed inside a 1.5 m acquisition box. The tipping-bucket rain gauge was mounted at 4 m on the observation tower. The infrared thermometer was installed at 4 m, facing true south with the probe oriented vertically downward. Two self-calibrating soil heat flux plates were buried 5 cm and 10 cm below the vegetation on the southern side of the tower, respectively. Soil temperature, moisture and electrical conductivity sensors as well as soil water potential sensors were buried at 20 cm and 40 cm below the vegetation on the southern side of the tower. Photosynthetically active radiation sensors, sunshine duration sensors and a four-component radiometer were installed at 4 m, facing true south.

The observed items include: wind speed (WS_4m, WS_8m, unit: m/s), wind direction (WD_4m, WD_8m, unit: degree), air temperature and humidity (Ta_4m, Ta_8m, RH_4m, RH_8m, unit: °C, %), barometric pressure (PA, unit: hPa), precipitation (P, unit: mm), four-component radiation (SWIN, SWOUT, LWIN, LWOUT, Rn, unit: W/m²), surface radiation temperature (TC, unit: °C), soil heat flux (SHF, unit: W/m²), soil moisture (SWC, unit: %), soil temperature (Ts, unit: °C), soil water potential (SWP, unit: kPa), soil electrical conductivity (EC, unit: μS/cm), photosynthetically active radiation (PPFD, unit: μmol/(m²·s)), sunshine duration (Sun_time, unit: h).

Data processing and quality control procedures are as follows: (1) Ensure 48 data records per day (one record every 30 minutes); from August 24, 2019 onwards, the ultrasonic wind speed and direction sensors at 4 m and 8 m malfunctioned, leading to incorrect wind speed data at these heights; from August 20, 2019 onwards, the soil water potential and soil moisture sensors at 10 cm and 20 cm depths malfunctioned, resulting in erroneous soil water potential and soil moisture data at these depths; (2) Remove duplicate records; (3) Delete data that obviously exceeds physical limits or instrument measurement ranges; (4) Data marked in red are questionable; (5) Unify the date and time formats, with date and time recorded in the same column. For example, the time format is: 2019-06-10 10:30.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集是兰州大学寒旱区科学观测网络民勤站2019年8月16日至12月31日的气象要素梯度观测数据，站点位于甘肃省民勤县（巴丹吉林沙漠和腾格里沙漠之间），观测项目包括风速、风向、温湿度、降水、辐射、土壤参数等多层次气象和土壤要素，时间分辨率为30分钟。需要注意的是，部分传感器（如超声风速/风向和土壤水势传感器）在观测期间出现故障，数据可能存在错误，需结合质量控制信息使用。