黑河生态水文遥感试验：水文气象观测网数据集（神沙窝沙漠站自动气象站-2013）

该数据集包含了2012年9月1日至2013年12月31日黑河水文气象观测网中游神沙窝沙漠站气象要素观测数据。站点位于甘肃省张掖市神沙窝，下垫面是沙漠。观测点的经纬度是100.4933E, 38.7892N，海拔1594m。空气温度、相对湿度传感器架设在5m、10m处，朝向正北；气压计安装在2m处；翻斗式雨量计安装在10m处；风速传感器架设在5m、10m，风向传感器架设在10m，朝向正北；四分量辐射仪安装在6m处，朝向正南；两个红外温度计安装在6m处，朝向正南，探头朝向是垂直向下；土壤温度探头埋设在地表0cm和地下2cm、4cm、10cm、20cm、40cm、60cm和100cm处，在距离气象塔2m的正南方；土壤水分传感器分别埋设在地下2cm、4cm、10cm、20cm、40cm、60cm和100cm处，在距离气象塔2m的正南方；土壤热流板（3块）依次埋设在地下6cm处。
观测项目有：空气温湿度（Ta_5m、RH_5m、Ta_10m、RH_10m）(单位：摄氏度、百分比)、气压（Press）(单位：百帕)、降水量（Rain）(单位：毫米)、风速（WS_5m、WS_10m）(单位：米/秒)、风向（WD_10m）(单位：度)、四分量辐射（DR、UR、DLR_Cor、ULR_Cor、Rn）(单位：瓦/平方米)、地表辐射温度（IRT_1、IRT_2）(单位：摄氏度)、土壤热通量（Gs_1、Gs_2、Gs_3）(单位：瓦/平方米)、土壤水分（Ms_2cm、Ms_4cm、Ms_10cm、Ms_20cm、Ms_40cm、Ms_60cm、Ms_100cm）(单位：体积含水量，百分比)和土壤温度（Ts_0cm、Ts_2cm、Ts_4cm、Ts_10cm、Ts_20cm、Ts_40cm、Ts_60cm、Ts_100cm）(单位：摄氏度)。
观测数据的处理与质量控制：（1）确保每天144个数据（每10min），若出现数据的缺失，则由-6999标示；2013年3月31日-2013年7月26日由于雨量筒被沙尘堵塞，降水量数据缺失；（2）剔除有重复记录的时刻；（3）删除了明显超出物理意义或超出仪器量程的数据；（4）数据中以红字标示的部分为有疑问的数据；（5）日期和时间的格式统一，并且日期、时间在同一列。如，时间为：2013-6-10 10:30；（6）命名规则为：AWS+站点名称。
水文气象网或站点信息请参考Li et al. (2013)，观测数据处理请参考Liu et al.(2011)。

This dataset contains meteorological element observation data from the Shenshawowo Desert Station in the middle reaches of the Heihe River Hydrometeorological Observation Network, covering the period from September 1, 2012 to December 31, 2013. The station is located in Shenshawowo, Zhangye City, Gansu Province, with a desert underlying surface. The coordinates of the observation site are 100.4933°E, 38.7892°N, and the elevation is 1594 m.
Air temperature and relative humidity sensors were installed at 5 m and 10 m heights, facing due north; a barometer was installed at 2 m height; a tipping-bucket rain gauge was installed at 10 m height; wind speed sensors were installed at 5 m and 10 m heights, and the wind direction sensor was installed at 10 m height, facing due north; a four-component radiometer was installed at 6 m height, facing due south; two infrared thermometers were installed at 6 m height, facing due south with their probes pointing vertically downward; soil temperature probes were buried at 0 cm (surface) and 2 cm, 4 cm, 10 cm, 20 cm, 40 cm, 60 cm, 100 cm below ground, 2 m directly south of the meteorological tower; soil moisture sensors were buried at 2 cm, 4 cm, 10 cm, 20 cm, 40 cm, 60 cm, 100 cm below ground, 2 m directly south of the meteorological tower; three soil heat flux plates were sequentially buried at 6 cm below ground.
The observation items include: air temperature and humidity (Ta_5m, RH_5m, Ta_10m, RH_10m) (units: degrees Celsius, percent), atmospheric pressure (Press) (unit: hectopascals), precipitation (Rain) (unit: millimeters), wind speed (WS_5m, WS_10m) (unit: meters per second), wind direction (WD_10m) (unit: degrees), four-component radiation (DR, UR, DLR_Cor, ULR_Cor, Rn) (unit: watts per square meter), surface radiation temperature (IRT_1, IRT_2) (unit: degrees Celsius), soil heat flux (Gs_1, Gs_2, Gs_3) (unit: watts per square meter), soil moisture (Ms_2cm, Ms_4cm, Ms_10cm, Ms_20cm, Ms_40cm, Ms_60cm, Ms_100cm) (unit: volumetric water content, percent), and soil temperature (Ts_0cm, Ts_2cm, Ts_4cm, Ts_10cm, Ts_20cm, Ts_40cm, Ts_60cm, Ts_100cm) (unit: degrees Celsius).
Data processing and quality control: (1) Ensure 144 records per day (every 10 minutes), missing data are marked with -6999; precipitation data was missing from March 31, 2013 to July 26, 2013 due to the rain gauge being clogged by sand and dust; (2) Remove records with duplicate timestamps; (3) Delete data that obviously exceeds physical limits or instrument measurement ranges; (4) Parts marked in red in the data are questionable; (5) Unify the date and time format, with date and time placed in the same column. For example, the time format is: 2013-6-10 10:30; (6) The naming convention is: AWS+station name.
For information on the hydrometeorological network or the station, please refer to Li et al. (2013); for the observation data processing, please refer to Liu et al. (2011).

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集是黑河生态水文遥感试验中水文气象观测网的一部分，覆盖2012年9月至2013年12月，在甘肃省张掖市神沙窝沙漠站（经纬度100.4933E, 38.7892N，海拔1594m）进行自动气象观测。数据集包含空气温湿度、气压、降水量、风速风向、辐射、土壤温湿度等多要素的高频（每10分钟）数据，经过严格质量控制，适用于沙漠环境下的生态水文过程研究。