Rural selection drives the evolution of an urban-rural cline in coat color in gray squirrels

Phenotypic differences between urban and rural populations are well-documented, but the evolutionary processes driving trait variation along urbanization gradients are often unclear. We combined spatial data on abundance, trait variation, and measurements of fitness to understand cline structure and test for natural selection on heritable coat color morphs (melanic, gray) of eastern gray squirrels (Sciurus carolinensis) along an urbanization gradient. Population surveys using remote cameras and visual counts at 76 sites along the urbanization gradient revealed a significant cline in melanism, decreasing from 48% in the city center to <5% in rural woodlands. Among 76 squirrels translocated to test for phenotypic selection, survival was lower for the melanic than gray morph in rural woodlands, whereas there was no difference in survival between color morphs in the city. These results suggest the urban-rural cline in melanism is explained by natural selection favoring the gray morph i..., , , # Data for \"Rural selection drives the evolution of an urban-rural cline in coat color in gray squirrels\" [https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.9w0vt4bn5](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.9w0vt4bn5) ## Description of the data and file structure **This repository contains data and code for the following manuscript:** Cosentino, B.J., Vanek, J.P., and J.P. Gibbs. Rural selection drives the evolution of an urban-rural cline in coat color in gray squirrels. Ecology and Evolution. The following files are included: **cline.Rdata** Data used to fit the cline in melanism using all data. NA values represent days when trail cameras were not active and point counts were not conducted at a given site. **cline.R** R code used to fit the cline in melanism using all data. The script was run with R version 4.0.2, and it uses the *jagsUI* package (version 1.5.2). **cline\_subsetModel.Rdata** Data used to fit the cline in melanism with a subset of data. Variable definitions are as follows: * y.occ.g = gra...城市与乡村种群间的表型（phenotypic）差异已有充分文献记载，但沿城市化梯度驱动性状变异的演化过程往往尚不明确。本研究整合了丰度空间数据、性状变异数据以及适合度（fitness）测量数据，旨在解析城市化梯度下东部灰松鼠（*Sciurus carolinensis*）可遗传毛色形态（coat color morphs）的渐变群（cline）结构，并检验自然选择对其的作用。 研究团队在沿城市化梯度分布的76个样点中，通过红外相机（remote cameras）与目视计数开展种群调查，结果显示黑化（melanism）个体比例存在显著的渐变群特征：市中心黑化个体占比达48%，而乡村林地中该占比不足5%。研究人员对76只灰松鼠进行易地移植以检验表型选择效应，结果发现乡村林地中黑化型个体的存活率显著低于灰色型个体，而城市环境中两种毛色形态的存活率并无显著差异。上述结果表明，灰松鼠毛色黑化程度的城乡渐变群可由自然选择偏好灰色型个体得以解释…… # 论文《乡村选择驱动灰松鼠毛色城乡渐变群的演化》配套数据集 [https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.9w0vt4bn5](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.9w0vt4bn5) ## 数据与文件结构说明 本仓库包含对应以下研究论文的数据集与代码： Cosentino, B.J.、Vanek, J.P. 与 J.P. Gibbs. 乡村选择驱动灰松鼠毛色城乡渐变群的演化. *Ecology and Evolution*. 本仓库包含以下文件： **cline.Rdata**：用于基于全数据集拟合黑化渐变群的数据集。其中NA值代表对应样点的红外相机未启用、且未开展目视计数的日期。 **cline.R**：用于基于全数据集拟合黑化渐变群的R代码。本脚本基于R 4.0.2版本运行，依赖*jagsUI*包（版本1.5.2）。 **cline_subsetModel.Rdata**：用于基于子集数据拟合黑化渐变群的数据集。变量定义如下： * y.occ.g = 灰色型个体的占用检测数据……