A 1974 agronomic report on salinity in Bardenas, Spain, plus some outreach brochures

Bardenas is the name of an area of semi-arid land extending over conterminous parts of the regions of Aragon and Navarre in the Ebro Valley, northern Spain. Nowadays, large areas of Bardenas are irrigated. In the 1950’s the Spanish Government installed peasant families in the newly irrigated lands, but salinity problems became apparent threatening the economy of the area. Two outreach publications (García-Menéndez, 1957; Puig, 1960) included here show the social concerns about salinity in Bardenas and its perception at that time. Years later, the engineer in charge of the biggest irrigation project in the Ebro Valley still emphasized the challenges posed by soil salinity (De los Ríos, 1966, 1986). Also, a seasoned Agricultural engineer stressed the feasibility of irrigating saline and gypseous lands (Jordana, 1989). In the same way, the Spanish Ministry of Agriculture launched studies and field experiments on soil salinity managed through its IRYDA agency. We provide the link (https://dara.aragon.es/opac/app/results/ahpz?q=A/025621/0001&ob=re:1) to a report based on soil and water samples taken between April 1972 and March 1974. We have georeferenced the five plans of the report, which are included here as .tif files. We also present “Shapefiles Bardenas” folder with the three files for (i) the study area, (ii) the observations localization, and (iii) the soil profiles. Moreover, the file “Maps Bardenas Process.docx” explains how we elaborated the maps from the folded plans included in the report of IRYDA. Three xlsx files show the analytical data of soils, phreatic waters, and irrigation waters, respectively. To our knowledge, the report is one of the earlier ꟷif not the earliestꟷ dedicated to the saline soils of Bardenas using methods of soil description, analysis and classification that allow the easy comparison of the information gathered with other successive pedological and agricultural studies. Its data provide a basis for the evaluation of desalination techniques and other agricultural practices carried out in the fields of Bardenas whose irrigation began 60 years ago.巴尔德纳斯（Bardenas）是西班牙北部埃布罗河谷中一片半干旱土地的名称，其范围覆盖阿拉贡自治区与纳瓦拉自治区的接壤区域。如今，巴尔德纳斯的大片区域已实现灌溉。20世纪50年代，西班牙政府将农户安置在新开发的灌溉土地中，但土壤盐渍化问题逐渐凸显，严重威胁该区域的经济发展。本次数据集收录的两部推广性出版物（García-Menéndez，1957；Puig，1960），展现了当时社会对巴尔德纳斯盐渍化问题的关注与认知。数十年后，负责埃布罗河谷最大灌溉工程的工程师仍着重强调了土壤盐渍化带来的治理难题（De los Ríos，1966、1986）。此外，一位资深农业工程师也论述了盐渍与石膏质土地的灌溉可行性（Jordana，1989）。 与此呼应，西班牙农业部通过其下属的IRYDA机构，针对土壤盐渍化治理开展了相关研究与田间试验。本次数据集提供了一份基于1972年4月至1974年3月间采集的土壤与水样的报告链接：https://dara.aragon.es/opac/app/results/ahpz?q=A/025621/0001&ob=re:1。我们已将报告中的五幅图纸进行地理配准，并以.tif格式文件收录于数据集内。此外，数据集还包含"Shapefiles Bardenas"文件夹，内含三类文件：(i) 研究区域矢量数据、(ii) 观测点位数据、(iii) 土壤剖面数据。另有"Maps Bardenas Process.docx"文件，详细说明了如何基于IRYDA报告中的折叠图纸绘制相关地图。另有三个XLSX格式文件，分别收录土壤、潜水与灌溉水的分析检测数据。 据我们所知，该报告是（即便不是最早，也是较早的）采用土壤描述、分析与分类方法开展的巴尔德纳斯盐渍土壤专项研究之一，其采用的方法便于将采集的数据与后续其他土壤学及农学研究进行比对。该数据集所收录的数据，可为巴尔德纳斯灌溉区（其灌溉工程始于60年前）的脱盐技术评估及其他农业实践提供参考依据。