Community composition of arctic root-associated fungi mirrors host plant phylogeny

The number of plant species regarded as non-mycorrhizal increases at higher latitudes, and several plant species in the High-Arctic Archipelago Svalbard have been reported as non-mycorrhizal. We used the rRNA ITS2 and 18S gene markers to survey which fungi, as well as other micro-eukaryotes, were associated with roots of 31 arctic plant species not usually regarded as mycorrhizal in Svalbard. We assessed to what degree the root-associated fungi showed any host preference and whether the phylogeny of the plant hosts may mirror the composition of root-associated fungi. Fungal communities were largely structured according to host plant identity and to a less extent by environmental factors. We observed a positive relationship between the phylogenetic distance of host plants and the distance of fungal community composition between samples, indicating that the evolutionary history of the host plants plays a major role for which fungi colonize the plant roots. In contrast to the ITS2 marker, ...随纬度升高，被认定为非菌根（non-mycorrhizal）的植物物种数量逐渐增加，且有研究报道高北极群岛斯瓦尔巴（Svalbard）的多种植物为非菌根植物。本研究采用核糖体RNA（rRNA）ITS2与18S基因标记，对斯瓦尔巴地区31种通常被视为非菌根的北极植物根系所关联的真菌及其他微真核生物进行了调查。本研究评估了根系相关真菌的宿主偏好程度，以及植物宿主的系统发育是否能够反映根系相关真菌的群落组成。真菌群落主要由宿主植物种类决定，环境因素的影响相对较弱。本研究观察到宿主植物的系统发育距离与样本间真菌群落组成的距离呈正相关，表明宿主植物的演化历史在决定哪些真菌能够定殖植物根系的过程中发挥着核心作用。与ITS2标记相比，……