EPIDEMIOLOGY OF PROXIMAL FEMUR FRACTURE IN OLDER ADULTS IN A PHILANTHROPICAL HOSPITAL IN SÃO PAULO

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the age and anthropometry profile of patients with a diagnosis of fracture of the proximal femur in older adults admitted to a philanthropic hospital in São Paulo. Methods: Retrospective observational cross-sectional study. All patients older than 59 years with femoral fractures diagnosed and hospitalized between January, 2019 and April, 2020 were included. The analysis of the 85 medical records resulted in the data collected in the present study. Anthropometry, age, sex, ethnicity, presence of comorbidities and mechanism of trauma of these patients were considered in this study. Most traumas, as expect, presented low energy mechanisms. Results: Prevalence of 3:1 in females, aged between 60-104 and mean of 78.5 years, with an increased risk in patients over 80 years. The body mass index (BMI) between 16.53 and 39.80 with an average of 24.16 kg/m2. Being 89.4% cases of fall from own height. Conclusion: Proximal femur fractures in older adults occur more often in women, with a mean age of 78.5 years, normal BMI range, whose main trauma mechanism is fall to ground level. The most prevalent injury is transtrochanteric fracture, with a mean of 70.5% and the most performed treatment is internal fixation with cephalomedullary nail, with a mean of 66.1%. Level of Evidence VI, Descriptive Epidemiological Study.摘要 研究目的：评估圣保罗某慈善医院收治的老年股骨近端骨折（proximal femur fracture）患者的年龄及人体测量学特征。 研究方法：本研究为回顾性观察性横断面研究。纳入2019年1月至2020年4月期间住院且确诊为股骨骨折的59岁以上患者。本研究共分析85份病历以收集相关数据。本研究纳入的评估指标包括患者的人体测量学指标、年龄、性别、种族、合并症情况及创伤机制。正如预期，绝大多数创伤为低能量创伤。 研究结果：女性患者与男性患者的比例约为3:1，患者年龄介于60~104岁，平均年龄为78.5岁，80岁以上患者的发病风险更高。体质指数（body mass index, BMI）范围为16.53~39.80 kg/m²，平均为24.16 kg/m²。89.4%的患者为平地跌倒致伤。 研究结论：老年股骨近端骨折更常见于女性群体，平均发病年龄为78.5岁，患者体质指数处于正常范围，主要创伤机制为平地跌倒。最常见的损伤类型为转子间骨折（transtrochanteric fracture），占比达70.5%；最常用的治疗方式为头髓内钉（cephalomedullary nail）内固定术，占比达66.1%。 证据等级：VI级，描述性流行病学研究。