Bovine Thermometry

This dataset contains rectal and cutaneous temperature measurements from 24 clinically healthy or stable cattle, monitored twice daily over five consecutive days. Body temperature was measured using five different devices: mercury, digital, ecological (galinstan-based), infrared thermometers, and an infrared thermographic camera. Cutaneous temperatures were assessed at the forehead, eyes, axillae, and perineum. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy and agreement of alternative thermometers compared to the mercury thermometer, which has been globally banned due to toxicological concerns. The results indicate that both ecological and digital thermometers showed strong correlation (r ≥ 0.85) and acceptable agreement with mercury thermometers (mean difference < 0.3 °C; SD < 0.5 °C), suggesting they are suitable for clinical use. Infrared-based methods (thermometer and thermography) showed moderate-to-high correlations, especially at the ocular and perineal regions, but did not meet the agreement criteria for clinical substitution. The dataset includes raw temperature values, environmental conditions, and statistical analyses (correlation coefficients and Bland–Altman plots) and may support future research on non-invasive temperature monitoring in cattle.本数据集涵盖24头临床健康或病情稳定的牛的直肠与皮肤温度测量数据，研究人员在连续5天内每日对其开展两次监测。本次测量共使用5种不同设备：水银体温计（mercury thermometer）、电子体温计（digital thermometer）、基于镓铟锡合金（galinstan）的生态型体温计、红外体温计，以及红外热成像相机（infrared thermographic camera）。皮肤温度的测量位点包括前额、眼部、腋窝与会阴部。本研究旨在评估各类替代体温计与因毒理学顾虑已在全球禁用的水银体温计之间的准确性与一致性。研究结果显示，生态型与电子体温计均与水银体温计呈现强相关性（相关系数r≥0.85）且一致性良好（平均差值<0.3 ℃；标准差<0.5 ℃），表明二者均可适用于临床场景。基于红外技术的测温方法（红外体温计与热成像技术）则呈现中至高度相关性，尤其在眼部与会阴部区域，但未达到临床替代所需的一致性标准。本数据集包含原始温度数值、环境条件数据以及统计分析结果（相关系数与布兰德-奥特曼图（Bland–Altman plots）），可为未来牛只无创体温监测相关研究提供支撑。