Transcriptome analysis reveals anti-cancer effects of Isorhapontigenin (ISO) on human high invasive bladder cancer cells

Bladder cancer, the most common malignancy of the urinary tract, has a poor overall survival rate if the tumor becomes muscle invasive. The discovery and evaluation of new alternative medications targeting high-grade muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) are of tremendous importance in reducing bladder cancer mortality. Isorhapontigenin (ISO), a stilbene derivative from Chinese herb Gnetum cleistostachyum, exhibits a strong anti-cancer effect on MIBCs. Here, we report the whole transcriptome profiling of ISO-treated human bladder cancer T24 cells. A total of 1047 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, including 596 downregulated and 451 upregulated genes. Functional annotation and pathway analysis revealed that ISO treatment induced massive changes in gene expression associated with cell movement, migration, invasion, metabolism, proliferation, and angiogenesis. Additionally, ISO treatment activated genes involved in the inflammatory response but repressed genes involved in hypoxia signaling, glycolysis, the actin cytoskeleton, and the tumor microenvironment. In summary, our whole transcriptome analysis demonstrated a shifted metabolism and altered actin cytoskeleton in ISO treated T24 cells, which subsequently contribute to tumor microenvironment remodeling that suppresses tumor growth and progression. Overall design: To investigate the effect of isorhapontigenin treatment on bladder cancer cells, T24 cells were treated with 20 uM isorhapontigenin