Data underlying the publication: Risk assessment methods for water resource recovery for the production of bio-composite materials: Literature review and future research directions

Bio-composite materials made from resources recovered from the water cycle are the future of the holistic approach towards sustainable wastewater treatment. The raw ingredients for these materials are coming from con- taminated sources such as wastewater resources, water plants from surface water etc.. Thus, different risks like human health, environmental and product quality risks need to be assessed. Existing literature was analysed regarding these risks, especially methods concerning the risk assessment in wastewater and drinking water treatment and water/wastewater-based resource recovery for reuse. The reviewed literature identified several risk assessment methods such as FMEA, FMECA, FTA, QMRA and QCRA as frequently used ones for these purposes. However, no dedicated methods were identified for the corresponding risk assessments related to bio-composite materials representing key knowledge gaps. The literature review also showed that the above identified risk assessment methods cannot be directly applied for bio-composite materials as many required input data are missing. To overcome above gaps, future research directions have been identified. These include use of qualitative risk assessment methods such as HAZOP and ETA to first identify hazards and map the risks. Once this is done, QMRA and QCRA could be used in combination with Monte Carlo analysis to assess the actual risks.

由水循环中回收的资源制备的生物复合材料（Bio-composite materials）是实现可持续污水处理的整体化路径的未来发展方向。此类材料的原材料取自受污染的源头，例如废水资源、地表水水生植物等。因此，需对人类健康、环境及产品质量等各类风险开展评估。本文针对上述风险相关的现有文献进行了系统梳理，重点关注污水处理、饮用水处理以及基于水/废水的资源化回用领域的风险评估方法。经梳理的文献表明，FMEA（故障模式与影响分析，Failure Mode and Effects Analysis）、FMECA（故障模式、影响及危害性分析，Failure Mode, Effects and Criticality Analysis）、FTA（故障树分析，Fault Tree Analysis）、QMRA（定量微生物风险评估，Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment）与QCRA（定量化学风险评估，Quantitative Chemical Risk Assessment）是此类场景中常用的风险评估工具。然而，目前尚未发现针对生物复合材料相关风险评估的专用方法，这一领域存在关键的知识空白。本次文献综述同时表明，上述已识别的风险评估方法无法直接应用于生物复合材料领域，因为该场景下大量所需的输入数据存在缺失。为填补上述研究空白，本研究明确了未来的研究方向：首先可采用HAZOP（危险与可操作性分析，Hazard and Operability Study）与ETA（事件树分析，Event Tree Analysis）等定性风险评估方法开展危险源识别与风险映射；完成上述步骤后，可将QMRA与QCRA结合蒙特卡洛（Monte Carlo）分析方法，开展实际风险评估工作。