Migraine associated with tinnitus and hearing loss in adults: a systematic review

To describe evidence of migraine-associated tinnitus and hearing loss. This study was registered in PROSPERO and followed the PRISMA guidelines. The inclusion criteria were observational studies with subjects aged ≥18 years, in which the association between migraine and tinnitus and/or hearing loss was evaluated. Reviews, case reports, commentaries, letters to the editor, and studies that included individuals with some diseases were excluded. The search yielded 698 articles from electronic databases. Six studies were eligible for this review with 26,166 participants. Most studies have shown an association between migraine and tinnitus, and between migraine and hearing loss. Studies have concluded that migraine presented high odds ratio, and hazard ratio for tinnitus. Another study found a strong association between these conditions (p Associations between migraine, tinnitus, and hearing loss were observed in the included studies.