塔里木-准噶尔盆地荒漠植物群落及生境数据库（2017-2021）

本数据集以我国新疆南部和北部的塔里木盆地和准噶尔盆地为核心调查区，兼顾周边的塔城谷地、伊犁谷地、哈顺戈壁、诺敏戈壁、天山南麓、阿尔金山等区域，于2017-2021年共调查点位942个，重点调查分布在这些区域的矮半乔木荒漠、灌木荒漠和半灌木-矮半灌木荒漠、多汁盐生矮半灌木荒漠等植被类型，调查的主要植被群系包括：白梭梭荒漠、梭梭荒漠、绢蒿荒漠、假木贼荒漠、红砂荒漠、猪毛菜荒漠、盐爪爪荒漠、塔里木沙拐枣荒漠、短命植物荒漠、河(湖)岸荒漠乔木林等等，调查主要植被群系达74种。其中乔木包括胡杨群系、灰杨群系、白梭梭群系等4种；灌木主要包括梭梭群系、红砂群系、白皮沙拐枣群系等25种；半灌木群系包括绢蒿群系、木碱蓬群系、假木贼群系等40种；主要草本群系包括猪毛菜群系、囊果碱蓬群系、叉毛蓬群系等6种。利用样方调查法，在指定点位布设1个100 m×100 m等地，在样地内系统设置5个10 m×10 m灌木样方、9个1 m×1 m的草本样方，并挖取一个1.5 m×1.1 m×1.2 m 的土壤剖面。调查不同植物群落植物种种类组成、高度、冠幅、盖度、密度、频度、生物量等生态学指标数据。灌木地上生物量获取采用标准枝或标准株法；草本地上生物量获取采用全株收获法；草本地下生物量采用根钻法进行测定，每个样方内，按照三角形选择3个采样点（3个重复）。地下生物量采集深度为0-60cm，分三层取样（0-20cm、20-40cm、40-60cm）。如果在调查样地内有乔木存在，则调查样方内乔木的种类、株数（密度）、胸径、高度和冠幅，同时记录死亡的乔木和灌木的种类及数量并测定地上生物量。土壤剖面调查过程中，分层进行取样，分层梯度划分为0-10 cm、10-20 cm、20-30 cm、30-50 cm、50-70 cm、70-100 cm。划分土壤类型后，量取不同剖面母质层深度和钙积层厚度，测定不同土层土壤容重、含水率、孔隙度、机械组成、有机质、全氮、全磷、pH值等指标。

The core survey areas of this dataset are the Tarim Basin and Junggar Basin in southern and northern Xinjiang, China, with adjacent regions including Tacheng Valley, Ili Valley, Haxun Gobi, Nuomin Gobi, southern piedmont of Tianshan Mountains, Altun Mountains and other areas taken into consideration. A total of 942 survey sites were investigated from 2017 to 2021. The survey focused on vegetation types distributed in these areas, including dwarf semi-arbor deserts, shrub deserts, semi-shrub-dwarf semi-shrub deserts, succulent halophytic dwarf semi-shrub deserts and other types. The surveyed major vegetation formations include: Haloxylon persicum desert, Haloxylon ammodendron desert, Seriphidium desert, Anabasis desert, Reaumuria soongarica desert, Salsola desert, Kalidium desert, Calligonum roborowskii desert, ephemeral plant desert, riparian (littoral) desert arbor forest, etc., with a total of 74 major vegetation formations documented. Among them, arbor formations include 4 types such as Populus euphratica formation, Populus pruinosa formation and Haloxylon persicum formation; shrub formations include 25 types such as Haloxylon ammodendron formation, Reaumuria soongarica formation and Calligonum leucocladum formation; semi-shrub formations include 40 types such as Seriphidium formation, Suaeda physophora formation and Anabasis formation; major herbaceous formations include 6 types such as Salsola formation, Suaeda physophora formation and Petrosimonia sibirica formation. Using the quadrat survey method, one 100 m×100 m main plot was established at each designated site. Within the plot, 5 shrub quadrats of 10 m×10 m and 9 herbaceous quadrats of 1 m×1 m were systematically arranged, and a soil profile measuring 1.5 m×1.1 m×1.2 m was excavated. Ecological indicator data including species composition, height, crown width, coverage, density, frequency and biomass of different plant communities were collected. The above-ground biomass of shrubs was measured using the standard branch or standard plant method; the above-ground biomass of herbs was measured using the whole-plant harvesting method; the below-ground biomass of herbs was determined via the root coring method, with 3 sampling points (3 replicates) selected in a triangular pattern within each quadrat. The collection depth of below-ground biomass was 0-60 cm, with sampling divided into three layers: 0-20 cm, 20-40 cm and 40-60 cm. If arbor species are present in the survey plot, the species, number (density), diameter at breast height (DBH), height and crown width of arbors within the quadrat were surveyed, while the species and quantity of dead arbors and shrubs were recorded and their above-ground biomass was measured. During soil profile investigation, sampling was conducted layer by layer, with the layer gradients set as 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm, 20-30 cm, 30-50 cm, 50-70 cm and 70-100 cm. After classifying soil types, the depth of parent material layer and the thickness of calcareous horizon in different profiles were measured, and indicators such as soil bulk density, moisture content, porosity, mechanical composition, organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and pH value of different soil layers were determined.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集覆盖2017-2021年，针对新疆塔里木盆地和准噶尔盆地的荒漠植物群落及生境进行系统调查，包含942个调查点位，涉及白梭梭、梭梭、绢蒿等多种植被类型，共74种主要植被群系。数据集采用标准化样方方法，采集了植物群落生态学指标（如种类、高度、生物量）和土壤理化性质（如容重、有机质、pH值），为荒漠生态研究提供了详实的多维度基础数据。