THE CONCEPT OF BILINGUALISM AND ITS MAIN CLASSIFICATIONS

The article considers bilingualism as a complex socio-cultural and psycholinguistic phenomenon of modern society. The main types and classifications of bilingualism, the peculiarities of the functioning of languages in the minds of bilinguals, as well as static and dynamic approaches to its study are analyzed. Special attention is paid to the mechanisms of language interaction, code switching and interference. The interdisciplinary nature of bilingualism research and its role in the formation of a person's cultural and linguistic identity are substantiated. The materials of the article can be used in linguistic, pedagogical and socio-humanitarian research.