Wildfire-specific PM2.5 and the health of children and adolescents

Wildfires are becoming more frequent and severe due to climate change, releasing fine particles (PM2.5) that can harm human health. Children, teenagers, and pregnant women are especially vulnerable. This thesis examines how wildfire-sourced PM2.5 affects birth outcomes, mental health, and hospital visits across Australia, Brazil, and several other countries. It also investigates the added risks when wildfire smoke and extreme heat occur together. The findings show clear health impacts and highlight greater risks for disadvantaged communities. This research provides evidence to guide public health protections and support vulnerable families in an increasingly fire-prone world.