Transcriptome sequencing of hippocampal tissue of APP/PS1 mice treated with rotating magnetic field for 12 months

Amyloid beta (Aß) monomers aggregate to form fibrils and amyloid plaques, which is one of the important mechanisms in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Since the Aß1-42 aggregation has prominent role in plaque formation, which eventually lead to the patient's brain lesions and cognitive impairment, an increasing number of studies have been devoted to reduce Aß aggregation process to slow down AD progression. Since the diphenylalanine (FF) sequence is critical for amyloid aggregation, and it has been shown that magnetic fields can affect the alignment of peptide assembly due to the diamagnetic anisotropy of aromatic rings, here we used a moderate-intensity rotating magnetic field (RMF) to explore its effect on Aß aggregation and AD pathogenesis. Our data showed that RMF can directly inhibit Aß amyloid fibril formation and reduce Aß-induced cytotoxicity on neural cells in vitro. Using the AD mouse model APP/PS1, we found that the RMF can restore their motor ability to the healthy control level. Their cognitive impairments, including exploration ability, spatial and non-spatial memory abilities, were also significantly alleviated. Tissue examinations reveal that RMF has reduced amyloid plaque accumulation, attenuated microglial activation ,and reduced oxidative stress in the APP/PS1 mouse brain. Therefore, our data demonstrate the great potential of RMF to be developed as a non-invasive, high-penetration physical approach to be applied in the treatment of AD. Overall design: APP/PS1 mice were divided into a sham magnetic exposure group and a rotating magnetic field group, and wild-type C57BL/6J mice of the same age were used as the control group. APP/PS1 mice were treated with a rotating magnetic field and sham magnetic exposure for 3 h to 6 h, 5 working days per week starting from 2 months of age (3 h/working days from 2 months to 11 months of age, 6 h/working days from 11 months to 14 months of age). After 12 months, total RNA was extracted from the hippocampal tissue of APP/PS1 mice, and transcriptome analysis was performed.