General Population Census of Cambodia 1998 - Cambodia

Abstract
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The 1998 Census seeks to create an inventory of the country's manpower resources and demographic characteristics as at a given time. Only the census can provide data for small areas (e.g. village) for local planning purposes.

The population census is the most fundamental source of national population data required by a country for administrative purposes as well as for economic and social planning and research. It is expected to provide a comprehensive and reliable inventory of a country's population. Apart from the size of population in each of the administrative units which is the basic information provided by the census, an analysis of the census data provides information on trends in population growth, age and sex structure of the population, the levels of mortality and fertility, the course of migration, trends in urbanization and on many more characteristics of the population. A study of the current demographic levels and past trends is very essential in making population projections that form the basis of national plans for economic development and other welfare programmes.

The demographic, social and economic indicators as well as other bench mark data at small area levels produced by the 1998 Census will go a long way in monitoring and evaluating the implementation of National Strategic Development Plan programmes in the future.

Geographic coverage
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National
Administrative units
Urban/Rural

Analysis unit
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Individuals
Households

Universe
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The census was conducted on a de facto basis. In other words, all persons staying in Cambodia on the Census Night were enumerated in the place they were found present. These persons included foreigners but excluded foreign diplomatic corps and the like and their families. Officials of Cambodia's missions and their families living in other countries were also included.

Kind of data
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Census/enumeration data [cen]

Sampling procedure
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Not Applicable

Mode of data collection
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Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument
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Two questionnaires (Form A Houselist and Form B Household questionnaire), developed for the demographic survey, were slightly revised to suit census purposes. They were further refined based on the experience of the first pre-test in selected areas in January 1997, suggestions made at the First Data Users Meeting (April 1997) and recommendations of the Census Technical Committee (April and June 1997). Finally a pilot census was carried out in June 1997 in sample areas with the help of teachers which showed that with some minor changes, the questionnaires and the instruction manuals developed could be used in the census.

Form A: Houselist which was canvassed during the preliminary round was used to collect the following information in respect of buildings which had households in them: Building / Structure number, predominant construction material of wall, roof and floor of building, whether building is wholly or partly residential, household number, and name and sex of head of household and number of persons usually living in the household.

Form B: Household Questionnaire had four parts:- Parts 1, 2, 3, and 4. This was used for census enumeration during March 3 to 12, 1998 in all households. In Part 1, information on usual members of household present on Census Night (March 3, 1998), visitors present on the Census Night and usual members absent on the Census Night was collected.

Part 2 of Form B, was used to collect the following information in respect of each usual member of household present and each visitor to household: Full name, relationship to head of household, sex, age, marital status, mother tongue, religion, birth place, previous residence, duration of stay, reason for migration, literacy, full time education and economic characteristics.

In Part 3 of Form B, fertility information of females aged 15 and over in the household was collected. In Part 4 of Form B, following information was collected on housing conditions and facilities: basis of occupancy of the dwelling by the household (like owner occupied or rented), main source of light available to the household, main cooking fuel used by household, whether toilet facility was available within premises, main source of drinking water supply for the household and number of rooms occupied by the household.

Cleaning operations
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The census data processing division of NIS is responsible for manual editing and coding of questionnaires, data entry, computer editing and tabulation, and the generation of products like the population database and maintenance of the web site. The main post-census activity of the Data Processing Division was the manual coding and editing of census documents, data entry from the questionnaires, computer editing and tabulation and the generation of various dissemination products.

The manual coding and editing of the census documents was done in two stages. First, the summary statements were scrutinised and edited. This provided the basis for the provisional census results (population by sex at national and provincial levels), which were released through a book in August 1998. The second stage concentrated on the coding, editing and data entry of the main census questionnaire (Form B).

Sampling error estimates
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Not Applicable

Data appraisal
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Computer editing was performed to remove errors and inconsistencies in the data sets. A large number of statistical tables were generated at various geographical levels. To this end, a Tabulation Plan had been prepared, taking into account the recommendations made at the Second Data Users Meeting (November 1998).

摘要
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1998年人口普查旨在编制该国在特定时点的人力资源及人口特征的清单。仅人口普查能够提供用于地方规划目的的小区域（如村庄）数据。
人口普查是国家行政用途、经济和社会规划以及研究所需的最基本的国家人口数据来源。它预计将提供关于一个国家人口的全面而可靠的清单。除了提供行政单位人口规模这一基本信息外，对人口普查数据的分析还将揭示人口增长趋势、人口年龄和性别结构、死亡和生育水平、移民进程、城市化趋势以及许多其他人口特征。研究当前的人口水平及过去趋势对于制定以经济开发和其他福利计划为基础的国家计划的人口预测至关重要。
1998年人口普查在小型区域级别产生的人口、社会和经济指标以及其他基准数据，将在未来监测和评估国家战略发展计划项目的实施方面发挥重要作用。
地理覆盖范围
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全国
行政单位
城市/乡村
分析单位
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个人
家庭
总体
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普查基于实际居住地原则进行。换句话说，所有在普查之夜居住在柬埔寨的人均被计入他们被发现存在的地点。这些人包括外国人，但不包括外交使团及其家属。居住在其他国家的柬埔寨使团官员及其家属也被包括在内。
数据类型
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人口普查/登记数据 [cen]
抽样程序
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不适用
数据收集方式
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面对面 [f2f]
研究工具
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为人口调查开发的两种问卷（A表家户清单和B表家户问卷），稍作修订以适应普查目的。它们根据1997年1月在选定地区进行的第一次预测试的经验、1997年4月第一次数据用户会议的建议以及1997年4月和6月的普查技术委员会的建议进一步细化。最终，在1997年6月，在教师的协助下，对样本区域进行了试点普查，结果表明，经过一些细微的调整，开发的问卷和手册可以在普查中使用。
A表：家户清单在初步调查期间进行走访，用于收集以下有关建筑物中家户的信息：建筑物/结构编号、建筑物的墙壁、屋顶和地板的主要建筑材料、建筑物是否全部或部分为住宅、家户编号、户主姓名和性别以及通常居住在户中的人数。
B表：家户问卷分为四个部分：第一部分、第二部分、第三部分和第四部分。它在1998年3月3日至12日的所有家户中进行普查登记。在第一部分中，收集了普查之夜（1998年3月3日）在场的一般家庭成员、在场访客以及普查之夜缺席的一般家庭成员的信息。
B表的第二部分用于收集有关每个在场的一般家庭成员和每个家户访客的信息：全名、与户主的关系、性别、年龄、婚姻状况、母语、宗教、出生地、以前居住地、居住期限、迁移原因、识字程度、全日制教育和经济特征。
B表的第三部分收集了家户中15岁及以上女性的生育信息。B表的第四部分收集了有关住房条件和设施的信息：家户占用住房的基础（如自住或租赁）、家户可用的主要照明来源、家户使用的燃料、是否在房屋内提供卫生间设施、家户饮用水供应的主要来源以及家户占用的房间数量。
数据清理操作
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国家统计局的人口普查数据处理部门负责问卷的手动编辑和编码、数据录入、计算机编辑和制表，以及生成人口数据库等产品，并维护网站。数据处理部门的主要普查后活动是对普查文件进行手动编码和编辑、从问卷中录入数据、计算机编辑和制表以及生成各种传播产品。
普查文件的手动编码和编辑分为两个阶段。首先，审查和编辑了汇总声明，这为发布于1998年8月的临时普查结果（按性别划分的国家和省级人口）提供了基础。第二阶段集中于对主要普查问卷（B表）的编码、编辑和数据录入。
抽样误差估计
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不适用
数据评估
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执行了计算机编辑，以消除数据集中的错误和不一致性。在各个地理级别生成了大量统计表格。为此，制定了一份制表计划，考虑了1998年11月第二次数据用户会议提出的建议。