Major and trace element concentrations in water samples collected before and during the September 2013 Colorado South Platte River flood

Record amounts of precipitation fell across the Colorado Front Range from September 9 to 16, 2013, resulting in extensive flooding in the South Platte River and its major mountain tributaries. In this study, the effects of the flood on the City of Boulder, Colorado urban hydrology system were assessed using weekly time-series sampling of 3 source waters (Boulder tap water, Boulder wastewater treatment facility effluent, and Boulder Creek water) conducted from September 20 to October 16, 2012 (n=5) and August 13 to September 30, 2013 (n=8). The effect of the flood on the South Platte River was assessed using a single basin-wide sampling of 5 main stem and 7 tributary sites from September 18 to 22, 2013. Filtered water samples were analyzed at the Boulder sites, and filtered and unfiltered samples were analyzed at the South Platte River sites. Major elements were measured by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry and trace elements were measured by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Each sample was measured in triplicate and the averages and standard deviations are reported. The results from analyses of associated quality assurance samples (field blanks and field duplicates) also are presented.2013年9月9日至16日，科罗拉多州前岭（Colorado Front Range）地区降雨量突破纪录，引发南普拉特河（South Platte River）及其主要山地支流发生大范围洪涝灾害。本研究评估了此次洪灾对科罗拉多州博尔德（Boulder）市城市水文系统的影响：于2012年9月20日至10月16日（n=5）以及2013年8月13日至9月30日（n=8），对三类源水开展每周时序采样，三类源水分别为博尔德自来水、博尔德污水处理厂出水及博尔德溪水体。针对此次洪灾对南普拉特河的影响评估，则于2013年9月18日至22日通过单次全流域采样完成，共设置5个干流采样位点与7个支流采样位点。博尔德采样站点仅对过滤后的水样进行分析，南普拉特河采样站点则同时分析过滤与未过滤的水样。其中，常量元素采用电感耦合等离子体光发射光谱法（inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry）测定，微量元素采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法（inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry）测定。所有样品均进行三次重复测定，最终报告其测定平均值与标准偏差。本研究同时呈现了配套质量保证样品（野外空白样与野外平行样）的分析结果。