Excavations at Tumacacori, 1979/1980: Historic Archeology at Tumacacori National Monument, Arizona

The Western Archeological and Conservation Center conducted excavations in the Campo Santo (cemetery), granary, and convento area of Tumacacori National Honument, Arizona, prior to a series of stabilization projects within the mission complex. A trench dug by C. Hichael Barton in the Campo Santo revealed a series of well-defined occupation levels from the early mission period. This area was found to be associated with secular functions and domestic activities, indicating that the Campo Santo originally may have been part of the Indian village rather than the mission complex. Kay Simpson excavated two trenches in Rooms 13 and 14 of the granary. A complicated building sequence was found which included fill, plastered use surfaces, and bricks and cobble stones embedded in foundation mortar. Also uncovered was an earlier room, badly disturbed, but possibly predating the convento. Lee Fratt excavated in the cloister and Rooms 42 and 60 of the south wing of the Franciscan convento. Architectural features exposed included walls, floors, the cloister bench, and an unidentified adobe structure. Deposits predating the convento also appeared. Although all three projects were limited in scope, the information recovered suggests that extensive, undisturbed, cuItural deposits from the mission period still exist at Tumacacori.美国西部考古与保护中心（Western Archeological and Conservation Center）在亚利桑那州图马科科里国家纪念地（Tumacacori National Monument）的圣徒广场（Campo Santo，即墓地）、谷仓及修道院区域开展考古发掘，作业实施于该传教士建筑群的一系列加固工程之前。C.迈克尔·巴顿（C. Michael Barton）在圣徒广场区域开挖的探方揭露了一系列清晰可辨的早期传教时期居住层位。该区域被发现与世俗功能及家庭活动相关，这表明圣徒广场最初可能隶属于印第安村落，而非传教士建筑群的一部分。凯·辛普森（Kay Simpson）在谷仓的13号与14号房间内开挖了两处探方，发掘揭露了一套复杂的建筑序列，其中包含堆积层、涂抹灰泥的使用面，以及嵌于基础砂浆中的砖块与鹅卵石。同时还发现了一处早期房间，该房间遭到严重扰动，但年代可能早于修道院建筑群。李·弗拉特（Lee Fratt）在方济各会修道院（Franciscan convento）的回廊以及南侧翼楼的42号与60号房间内开展发掘，暴露的建筑遗迹包括墙体、地面、回廊长椅以及一处未确认的土坯建筑，同时还发现了早于修道院建筑群的堆积层。尽管三项发掘工程的范围均较为有限，但所获遗存信息表明，图马科科里地区仍留存有大量未受扰动的传教时期文化堆积。