Genome-wide assessment of population structure and genetic diversity for <i>Anabasis aphylla</i> based on specific length amplification fragment sequencing

<i>Anabasis aphylla</i> is a salt and alkali resistant shrub grows in arid and semi-arid areas, which is also a constructive species of desert soil. To reveal the population structure and genetic diversity in populations of <i>A. aphylla</i>, a total of 106 samples were used as experimental materials for sequencing by specific-locus amplified fragment sequencing. In total, we obtained 300105 SNP which had high consistency. Phylogenetic tree of <i>A. aphylla</i> result showed there was a certain difference between these samples, which can be divided into two groups. The Shanon–Wiener index of <i>A. aphylla</i> was 0.4440 and the Nei diversity index was 0.2854. AMOVA analysis showed there was genetic differentiation among the seven groups to a certain level. The genetic diversity analysis showed the genetic variation of <i>A. aphylla</i> mainly from groups. This study provides a reference for further comprehensive study of the genetic structure and evolutionary adaptation of <i>A. aphylla</i>.